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1. A group of people were selected and polled about their opinion on imposing ne

ID: 3361038 • Letter: 1

Question

1. A group of people were selected and polled about their opinion on imposing new knife control laws. Everyone was asked other questions about themselves as well party.

Sex

Party

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Male

Democratic

72

31

Male

Republican

41

83

Male

Other

16

14

Female

Democratic

88

38

Female

Republican

65

74

Female

Other

14

12

a). Create a side-by-side vertical bar chart of the opinions separated by sex. Note, the opinions (favor knife control and oppose gun control) are the variable of interest or the dependent variable so this should be on the y-axis. Use the freq = <count variable> and type = percent to show the percent on the y-axis rather than count. In a sentence or two, describe what you see

b). Perform a Chi-square and/or Fisher's Exact test (you decide which is appropriate) to determine if there is a difference in opinion on knife control based on sex. In your table only include the frequency, percentage, expected value and deviation.

i. State your null and alternative hypothesis

ii. State which statistical test you are analyzing (Chi - square or Fisher's Exact Test), the test statistic, p-value and conclusion at a significance level of 0.05.

iii. Answer the following question: Does it appear that there is a difference in the opinion on knife control based on sex

Sex

Party

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Male

Democratic

72

31

Male

Republican

41

83

Male

Other

16

14

Female

Democratic

88

38

Female

Republican

65

74

Female

Other

14

12

Explanation / Answer

Result:

a). Create a side-by-side vertical bar chart of the opinions separated by sex. Note, the opinions (favor knife control and oppose gun control) are the variable of interest or the dependent variable so this should be on the y-axis. Use the freq = <count variable> and type = percent to show the percent on the y-axis rather than count. In a sentence or two, describe what you see

b). Perform a Chi-square and/or Fisher's Exact test (you decide which is appropriate) to determine if there is a difference in opinion on knife control based on sex. In your table only include the frequency, percentage, expected value and deviation.

i. State your null and alternative hypothesis

H0: There is no association between knife control and party

H1: There is association between knife control and party

ii. State which statistical test you are analyzing (Chi - square or Fisher's Exact Test), the test statistic, p-value and conclusion at a significance level of 0.05.

chi square test. used.

Test for male, chi square =30.66, P=0.000. Ho is rejected.

There is association between knife control and party for male.

Test for female, chi square =14.541, P=0.0007. Ho is rejected.

There is association between knife control and party for female.

iii. Answer the following question: Does it appear that there is a difference in the opinion on knife control based on sex

From the tests, that there is no difference in the opinion on knife and party based on sex.

Chi-Square Test for male

Observed Frequencies

Column variable

Calculations

Row variable

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Total

fo-fe

Democratic

72

31

103

20.29961

-20.2996

Republican

41

83

124

-21.2412

21.24125

Other

16

14

30

0.941634

-0.94163

Total

129

128

257

Expected Frequencies

Column variable

Row variable

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Total

(fo-fe)^2/fe

Democratic

51.70039

51.29961

103

7.970427

8.032696

Republican

62.24125

61.75875

124

7.24906

7.305693

Other

15.05837

14.94163

30

0.058883

0.059343

Total

129

128

257

Data

Level of Significance

0.05

Number of Rows

3

Number of Columns

2

Degrees of Freedom

2

Results

Critical Value

5.991465

Chi-Square Test Statistic

30.6761

p-Value

2.18E-07

Reject the null hypothesis

c

Observed Frequencies

Column variable

Calculations

Row variable

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Total

fo-fe

Democratic

88

38

126

15.69072

-15.6907

Republican

65

74

139

-14.7698

14.76976

Other

14

12

26

-0.92096

0.920962

Total

167

124

291

Expected Frequencies

Column variable

Row variable

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Total

(fo-fe)^2/fe

Democratic

72.30928

53.69072

126

3.404802

4.585499

Republican

79.76976

59.23024

139

2.734693

3.683014

Other

14.92096

11.07904

26

0.056844

0.076556

Total

167

124

291

Data

Level of Significance

0.05

Number of Rows

3

Number of Columns

2

Degrees of Freedom

2

Results

Critical Value

5.991465

Chi-Square Test Statistic

14.54141

p-Value

0.000696

Reject the null hypothesis

Chi-Square Test for male

Observed Frequencies

Column variable

Calculations

Row variable

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Total

fo-fe

Democratic

72

31

103

20.29961

-20.2996

Republican

41

83

124

-21.2412

21.24125

Other

16

14

30

0.941634

-0.94163

Total

129

128

257

Expected Frequencies

Column variable

Row variable

Favor Knife Control

Oppose Knife Control

Total

(fo-fe)^2/fe

Democratic

51.70039

51.29961

103

7.970427

8.032696

Republican

62.24125

61.75875

124

7.24906

7.305693

Other

15.05837

14.94163

30

0.058883

0.059343

Total

129

128

257

Data

Level of Significance

0.05

Number of Rows

3

Number of Columns

2

Degrees of Freedom

2

Results

Critical Value

5.991465

Chi-Square Test Statistic

30.6761

p-Value

2.18E-07

Reject the null hypothesis