5. What are pack years of smoking? Was there a significant difference between th

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5. What are pack years of smoking? Was there a significant difference between the moderate and severe airflow limitation groups for psychological symptoms?


6. What were the four most common psychological symptoms reported by this sample of patients with COPD? What percentage of these subjects experienced these symptoms?Was there a significant difference between the moderate and severe airflow limitation groups for psychological symptoms?
7. What frequency and percentage of the total sample usd short term acting b2 agonists? Show your calculations and round to the nearest whole percent.
8. Is there a significant difference between the moderat an severe airflow limitation groups regarding the use of short acting b2 agonists? Provide a rational for your answer.
9.Was the percentage of COPD patients with moderate and severe airflow iimitation using short acting b2 agonists what you expected?Provide a rational with documentation for your answer.
10. Are these findings ready to use in practice? Provide a rational for your answer. ding Frequencies and Percentages EXERCISE 6 61 KGROUND CHARACTERISTICS AND USE OF MEDICATION FOR PATIENTS WITH STABLE CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE CLASSIFIED IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE AND SEVERE AIRFL LIMITATION p Value Sex, n (%) Age (yrs), mean (SD) Married/cohabitant n (%) 19 (45) 23 (55) 66.5 (8.6) 29 (69) 29 (59) 20 (41) 67.9 (6.8) Smoking, " % 0.789 13 (31) 28 (67) 12 (24) 35 (71) Former smokers Pack years smoking, mean (SD) BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) FEV, %of predicted, mean (SD) SpO2 % mean (SD) Physical health, mean (SD) Mental health, mean (SD) Exacerbation previous 6 months, n (%) Admitted to hospital previous year, n (%) Medication use, n (%) 27.2 (5.2) 61.6 (8.4) 95.8 (2.4) 3.2 (0.8) 3.7 (0.9) 14 (33) 10 (24) 34.0 (19.5) 26.5 (6.1) 42.2 (5.8) 94.5 (3.0) 3.0 (0.8) c0.001 0.120 0.628 0.781 0.607 15 (31) 14 (29) 44 (90) Inhaled glucocorticosteroids Systemic glucocorticosteroids Anticholinergic Long-acting ragonists Short-acting B-agonists 30 (71) 3 (6.3) 32 (76) 30 (71) 13 (31) 11 (26) 0.025 0.094 .245 0.011 0.001 0.046 0.691 42 (86) 45 (92) 32 (65) 11 (23) J. Todt, K, Jakobsson, P COPD patients with moderate to severe airflow limitation Heart Lune 43(4), p. 353 numbness/tingling in hands/feet, feeling irritable, and dizziness, were reported by between 25% and 50% of the patients. The most commonly reported psychological symptom

Explanation / Answer

4)

Former smokers= 63 and currently smoking=25,

Total participants with a smoking history is 88/91 making the percentage 97%

-Smoking history is clinically important in determining how long the participants havebeen smoking and affecting their lungs by the use of tobacco. Evidence suggests that COPD progression can be slowed when patients stop smoking and the risk of a COPD diagnosis falls 50% with smoking cessation.

5)

Moderate packs are 29.1 severe packs smokers 34.0. According to the research the people with severe airflow limitation opposed to moderate airflow have close range in percentage due to quantity of packs smoked per day. The percentage between the 2 is only 4.6%. There’s no difference between the two, because both types of smokers have caused damage to their lung tissues

6)

The most commonly reported psychological symptoms was difculty sleeping (52%),

Followed by worrying (33%), Feeling irritable (28%), and Feeling sad (22%).

There were no signi±cant di²erences in the occurrence oF physical and psychological symptoms between pa³ents with moderate and severe air´ow limita³ons

7)

The frequency of the total sample that used short acting B2-agonists were 13+32=45

The percentage of the total sample that used short acting B2-agonists were: (45/91) X 100=49.45%=49%

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