5. In the accompanying figure, the Millennium Project listed 15 global challenge

Question

5. In the accompanying figure, the Millennium Project listed 15 global challenges. How many of these challenges do you think Science can play a significant role in solving? 15 Global Challenges facing humanity Sustainable development and climate change Giobal ethics Clean water Populaton , and resources Science and Go challenge by challenge and determine what role, if any, science can play Energy SGlobal foresight organized crime Status of women (11 Giobal convergence of IT Peace and confict Rich-poor gap Education and learming Health issues

Explanation / Answer

1) Sustainable development and climate change - Science can play a significant role in curtailing the release of greenhouse gases. This can reduce the climate change isssues and can lead to sustainable development. Developing eco friendly fuels and controlling the waste generation can also be done by scientific advancements.

2) Clean water - Water shortage and lack of availability of clean water is a serious threat that many people face. Scientific advancements can help in catering water demand by providing cheap and efficient methods to clean raw water.

3) Population and resources - The growth opf population and depletion of resources due to high demand is another major issue which can be tacked by advancements in technology as well as by spreading awareness among people. Science have a role to play in this but the most important role shall be played by the humans. The humans, as consumers, can consume less by reducing. reusing and recycling the natural resources

4) Democratization - This is a social issue and hece science cannot have a significant role in democratizing nations. Democracy is a form of governance that the peoiple shall adopt to. This shall be done by collective effort of people of a country and requires to overpower the dictators who rule many nations.

5) Global foresight and decision making - Science can be used to predict certain natural events and can also assess the impact of different human activities. Thus decision making shall be guided by scientific inputs and hence science play an important role in this.

6) Global convergance of IT - The information technology sector is completely guided by science and hence science play a significant role to address this condition.

7) Rich-poor gap - Eventhough the scientific advancements have helped many poor people to come out of poverty, we still see a huge gap between the rich and the poor. This is not an issue that can be solved signifcantly by science. Stronger and stringent public policies and social commitment of people can only resolve this issues.

8) Healt issues - Science can play a significant role in resolving health issues by creating more vcaccines, medicines etc and developing affordable medical care.

9) Education and learning - Scientific advancements are bringing in new techniques to teach youngsters more effectively. Science also makes it easy to conduct researches and share information on a large scale. But the issues in the sector shall be resolved not only by science, but also by efficient delivery mechanisms and social conditions.

10) Peace and conflict - This is also more of a social issue. Science can contribute its part by developing good security and monitoring mechanisms, but the weapons of mass destruction are also products of scientific developments.

11) Status of women - Status of women, especially in the developing world requires attention. The solutions doesnt majorly lie in scientific advancements, but is within the social and cultural fields.

12) Transnational organized crime - Better security and monitorinmg systems shall be developed with the help of science. Satellite monitoring, cyber security, monitoring of transaction of large sums of money, shipments, etc can curtail transnational organized crime to a certain extend and hence, science play an important role here.

13) Enery - The issues in energy sector can be completely resolved by science. We need more energy efficient machines and better and more productive sources of energy. We shall use better energhy storage facilities.

14) Science and technology - Science itself can only improve the sector of science and technology

15) Global ethics - This is an issue that arises because of the cultural differences and living standards or beliefs of different races or communities. Science has got very little to do with this issue.

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