4 (23.20) Subjects with preexisting cardiovascular symptoms who were receiving s

Question

4 (23.20) Subjects with preexisting cardiovascular symptoms who were receiving subitramine, an appetite suppressant, were found to be at increased risk of cardiovascular events while taking the drug. The study included 9753 overweight or obese subjects with preexisting cardiovascular disease and/ or type 2 diabetes. The subjects were randomly assigned to subitramine (4817 subjects) or a placebo (4936 subjects) in a double-blind fashion. The primary outcome measured was the occurrence of any of the following events: nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke, resuscitation after cardiac arrest, or cardiovascular death. The primary outcome was observed in 556 subjects in the subitramine group and 491 subjects in the placebo group. Do the data give good reason to think that there is a difference between the proportions of treatment and placebo subjects who experienced the primary outcome? State hypotheses, find the test statistic and the P-value. Test statistic (±0.001) z p-value (±0.001)-0 eBook Hint Check Syntax

Explanation / Answer

Test and CI for Two Proportions

Sample    X     N Sample p
1       556 4817 0.115425
2       491 4936 0.099473

Difference = p (1) - p (2)
Estimate for difference: 0.0159513
95% CI for difference: (0.00365743, 0.0282451)
Test for difference = 0 (vs 0): Z = 2.54 P-Value = 0.011

Fisher’s exact test: P-Value = 0.012

hence The Z-Score is 2.5442. The p-value is 0.011

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