I am writing a paper on an article. How do I explain the data results in Table 5

Question

I am writing a paper on an article. How do I explain the data results in Table 5 and Table 7 in the research article called Comparison of Physical Fitness Performance Between Elementary-Aged Students With and Without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (by Andrew M. Colombo-Dougovito). Here’s the link to the article:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272787718_Comparison_of_physical_fitness_performance_between_elementary-age_students_with_and_without_attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder

Explanation / Answer

The table 5 of the paper gives the results on means and standard deviations based on all test items of the two groups, with or without ADHD.
Now, standard deviation gives the idea of the concentration of values towards mean. So, a smaller value indicates that test results are well concentrated around mean, i.e. they are less scattered. Now, if you look at the table 5, you will see that, for some tests, the standard deviation of group (1) is larger than that of group (2). It can be stated that the performance of group 1 for those tests are less-consistent than group 2. In some cases standard deviations are very low for both the groups. It can be stated that for those tests the results are well concentrated around mean and both the groups are consistent. A look at the corresponding mean can give a idea whether the groups performed good or bad on an average. A large standard deviation, which we can find for some tests implies that for that specific test, the specific group encountered a very varying results, i.e. some are very good but some results are too poor. A groupwise comparison along with a inner-group scenario can be infered from table 5. The 'total' row for each tests shows the total variation of the tests combining two groups along with the group mean. This row can be used to infer about the test results combining two groups.

Table 7 depicts the result of the MANOVA or multivariate analysis of variance, which is the test for difference in means between two groups for the different physical fitness test along wih a additional dependent variate gender. We can infer the tests just looking at the last column of the table, the 'Sig.', which gives the idea whether the difference in mean is at all significant or not for a any specific test/category. The 'Sig' column is giving p-values for the factors. If p-value<.05, we say that the means of the two groups differs for that specific factor at 5% level of significance. We can find for the test 'Sit & Reach 1' the result comes to be significant. But, in Table 6 we find in the ANOVA setup, 'Sit & Reach Test 1' was not at all significant. Hence inclusion of gender as a dependent variable may be changed the result for the MANOVA set-up. But mostly, we can find that the mean of two groups do not differ significantly.

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