A medical researcher gets a P-value of 0.056 for testing H_0: mu = 0 against H_a

Question

A medical researcher gets a P-value of 0.056 for testing H_0: mu = 0 against H_a: mu notequalto 0. Since he believes that the true mean is positive and is worried that his favorite journal will not publish the results because they are not "significant at the 0.05 level", he instead reports in his article the P-value of 0.028 for H_a: mu > 0. Explain what is wrong with a) Reporting the one-sided P-value after seeing the data. b) The journal's policy to publish results only if they are statistically significant.

Explanation / Answer

In the medical research, testing any hypothesis should be clear because it directly impacts the study. In the testing of hypothesis in case of two tailed test it is not clear so most of the medical researcher consider hypothesis in form of one sided.

a. According to the seriousness of the study its dependence the test. In the given article may be one side test is more important as compared to two sided test. so journal comments and say that for given data calculate one sided p- value.

b. It does not matter and not specified about the statistical significance of the test in a medical journal as per my best knowledge. it total dependence on study discuss in an article.

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