I did find these perviously asked on chegg but it didn\'t explain the why/ didn\

Question

I did find these perviously asked on chegg but it didn't explain the why/ didn't correctly answer the question;

Water diet. Water consumption before a meal has been shown to help reduce the caloric intake from that meal, but does it translate into actual weight loss? An experiment randomly assigned overweight and obese individuals aged 55 to 75 years to one of two diet groups for 12 weeks: a hypocaloric diet supplemented with 16 ounces of bottled water prior to each of the three daily meals (water group) or a hypocaloric diet alone (nonwater group).

(a) Each subject had his or her body mass index (BMI) computed before and after the 12-week diet. For the 23 subjects assigned to the water group, the mean BMIs before and after treatment were 32.16 and 29.5, respectively. Explain briefly why a matched pairs procedure must be used to assess whether the combination of a hypocaloric diet and pre-meal water intake significantly lowers BMI.

(b) The 25 patients assigned to the nonwater group had mean BMIs before and after the 12-week diet of 31.8 and 29.9, respectively. Explain briefly why we cannot use a matched pairs procedure to test the hypothesis that the combination of a hypocaloric diet and pre-meal water intake is significantly better than a hypocaloric diet alone at lowering BMI.

Explanation / Answer

Solutions:

a) A matched pairs procedure must be used to measure the experiment due to the fact that the patients BMIs were observed before and after the 12- week diet. The treatment/diet in this case was the pre-meal water

b) We cannot use the matched pairs procedure in this situation because the patients were not given any treatment/diet. A matched pairs procedure is utilized in order to measure the effectiveness of some treatment or program.  

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