1. What are the assumptions for conducting a paired or dependent samples t-test
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Question
1. What are the assumptions for conducting a paired or dependent samples t-test in a study? Which of these assumptions do you think were met by the Lindseth et al. (2014) study?
2. In the introduction, Lindseth et al. (2014) described a “2-week washout between diets.” What does this mean? Why is this important?
3. What is the paired t-test value for mood (irritability) between the participants’ consumption of high- versus low-aspartame diets? Is this result statistically signi?cant? Provide a rationale for your answer.
4. State the null hypothesis for mood (irritability) that was tested in this study. Was this hypothesis accepted or rejected? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Introduction Despite the widespread use of the artificial sweetener aspartame in drinks and food, there are concern and controversy about the mixed research evidence on its neurobehavioralExplanation / Answer
Answer:
1. What are the assumptions for conducting a paired or dependent samples t-test in a study? Which of these assumptions do you think were met by the Lindseth et al. (2014) study?
Assumptions:
The dependent variable must be continuous (interval/ratio).
The observations are independent of one another.
The dependent variable should be approximately normally distributed.
Since samples are randomly assigned and sample size(28) is large (near 30) the assumptions are not violated.
2. In the introduction, Lindseth et al. (2014) described a “2-week washout between diets.” What does this mean? Why is this important?
Washout period is a period in a clinical study during which subjects receive no treatment for the indication under study and the effects of a previous treatment are eliminated or assumed to be eliminated. The wash-out period is typically used to generate patient baseline data. That is to remove or eliminate the effect of the first treatment.
3. What is the paired t-test value for mood (irritability) between the participants’ consumption of high- versus low-aspartame diets? Is this result statistically signicant? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Paired t value = 3.4, P=0.002 which is less than 0.01 level. This result is statistically signicant
4. State the null hypothesis for mood (irritability) that was tested in this study. Was this hypothesis accepted or rejected? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Ho: there is no mood change.
H1: there is mood change.
The null hypothesis was rejected.
We conclude that there is significant mood change.
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