A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of taking Zyban when tryi

Question

A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of taking Zyban when trying to quit smoking. 429 smokers volunteered to take part in the study. Due to concerns that living with another smoker may alter the effectiveness of the treatment, the volunteers were initially split into two groups depending on whether or not they lived with another smoker. Each of the two groups was then randomly split in half, with one half allocated to take Zyban and the other half allocated to take a placebo. The percentage of people in each group that managed to successfully stop smoking after a year was recorded. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of playing video games on visual skills. 16 young men took a series of tests that measure their visual skills. They were then asked whether or not they had played video games in the last 6 months. It was found that the men who had played games within the previous 6 months performed better on the tests than those who hadn't played. Which of the studies, if either, used blocking? For either study in which blocking was used, describe what was blocked. Which of the studies, if any, used a control group? For any studies that do, describe the control group. After study 2 was completed a school newspaper runs the headline "Video games cause improved visual skills in young adults". Give two reasons why this headline is not appropriate.

Explanation / Answer

1.

Blocking was used in study 1 only. Blocking is the division of data into groups which have homogeneous characteristics within the groups whereas heterogeneous between the groups. Here are two groups they are (1) volunteers living with another smokers and 2) volunteers living without another smokers.

2. Control group is used in the study 2. The control group is the group which does not use any treatment. In this question, the men who hadn't played video games in the last 6 month is the control group.

3. Question 3 headline is not appropriate because

i) Playing video game is inversely related to the time spend for study.

2) Regular video game players try to skip their homework to play games.

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