A manufacturer of sunscreen wants to learn if using a stronger sunscreen results
ID: 3200323 • Letter: A
Question
A manufacturer of sunscreen wants to learn if using a stronger sunscreen results in people spending more time in the sun. Identify the method of data collection used in each scenario. A representative for the sunscreen company goes to the beach and asks a random sample of people leaving the beach what the SPF of their sunscreen was and how long they had been on the beach. Thirty people vacationing at the beach were randomly selected. Ten people each were assigned to use a sunscreen with an SPF of 15, one with an SPF of 30, and one with an SPF of 45. The time each person went down to the beach and returned from the beach was recorded. Several representatives from the company were sent to the beach to watch as many people as possible. Each representative randomly selected several people to watch. He noted the time each person came down to the beach, stealthily observed the SPF of the sunscreen each was using, and noted the time the subject left the beach.Explanation / Answer
a. Sample Survey.
A sample survey is a study that obtains data from a subset of a population, in order to estimate population attributes.
b. Experiment.
An experiment is a controlled study in which the researcher attempts to understand cause-and-effect relationships. The study is "controlled" in the sense that the researcher controls (1) how subjects are assigned to groups and (2) which treatments each group receives.
c. Observational study.
Like experiments, observational studies attempt to understand cause-and-effect relationships. However, unlike experiments, the researcher is not able to control (1) how subjects are assigned to groups and/or (2) which treatments each group receives.
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