4. Langlois and Roggman (1990) took facial photographs of males and females. The

Question

4. Langlois and Roggman (1990) took facial photographs of males and females. They then created five groups of composite photographs by computer-averaging the individual faces. For one group the computer averaged 32 randomly selected same-gender faces, producing a quite recognizable face with average width, height, eyes, nose length, and so on. For the other groups the composite faces were averaged over either 2, 4, 8, or 16 individual faces. Each group saw six separate photographs, all of which were computer-averaged over the appropriate number of individual photographs. Langlois and Roggman asked participants to rate the attractiveness of the faces on a 1–5 scale, where 5 represents “very attractive.” The data have been constructed to have the same means and variances as those reported by Langlois and Roggman.

Data on rated attractiveness

Group 1: 2.201 2.411 2.407 2.403 2.826 3.380

Group 2: 1.893 3.102 2.355 3.644 2.767 2.109

Group 3: 2.906 2.118 3.226 2.811 2.857 3.422

Group 4: 3.233 3.505 3.192 3.209 2.860 3.111

Group 5: 3.200 3.253 3.357 3.169 3.291 3.290

a) Run the appropriate analysis of variance.

b) What do these data tell us about how people judge attractiveness?

I am supposed to use ANOVA. Please show all work and explain. Thank You.

Explanation / Answer

(b) Since the p- value < 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis of no difference between the groups. We conclude that the groups view and rate attractiveness differently.

(a) ANOVA: Mean n Std. Dev 2.6047 6 0.43135 Group 1 2.6450 6 0.65706 Group 2 2.8900 6 0.44710 Group 3 3.1850 6 0.20805 Group 4 3.2600 6 0.06812 Group 5 2.9169 30 0.47338 Total ANOVA table Source SS    df MS F    p-value Treatment 2.17043 4 0.542607 3.13 .0322 Error 4.32808 25 0.173123 Total 6.49851 29 Post hoc analysis p-values for pairwise t-tests Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 2.6047 2.6450 2.8900 3.1850 3.2600 Group 1 2.6047 Group 2 2.6450 .8680 Group 3 2.8900 .2461 .3176 Group 4 3.1850 .0233 .0336 .2309 Group 5 3.2600 .0115 .0169 .1361 .7575

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