Define P-values. Explain the two methods of interpreting P-values. In a populati

Question

Define P-values. Explain the two methods of interpreting P-values. In a population, 11% of people are left handed. In a simple random sample of 160 people selected from this population, the proportion of left handers is 0.10. What is the number of left handers in the sample and what notation is given to that number? What are the values of p and p? What do you conclude about the claim below? Do not use formal procedures or exact calculations. Use only the rare event rule and make a subjective estimate to determine whether the event is likely. Claim: An employee of a company is equally likely to take a sick day on any day of the week. Last year, the total number of sick days taken by all the employees of the company was 143. Of these, 52 were Mondays, 14 were Tuesdays, 17 were Wednesdays, 17 were Thursdays, and 43 were Fridays.

Explanation / Answer

1) P-value is the probability of getting test statistic as large as we get. If p-value is less than or equal to level of significance, reject null hypothesis otherwise accept null hypothesis.

2) p shows population proportion. so, p = 0.11.

p^ shows sample proportion. so, p^ = 0.10

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