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1. A small town in Western Massachusetts consists of approximately 5,000 adults,

ID: 3149424 • Letter: 1

Question

1. A small town in Western Massachusetts consists of approximately 5,000 adults, 2,000 who live in private homes while the remaining live in apartment buildings. Of those living in private homes, 240 are upper income, 1,200 are middle income and 560 are lower income. Of those living in apartment buildings, 900 are upper income, 600 are middle income, and 1,500 are lower income. Set up a cross-classification table for type of dwelling unit and income status, to find the probability that a person chosen at random: a. Is type of dwelling unit statistically independent of income?

Explanation / Answer

A small town in Western Massachusetts consists of approximately 5,000 adults, 2,000 who live in private homes while the remaining live in apartment buildings. Of those living in private homes, 240 are upper income, 1,200 are middle income and 560 are lower income. Of those living in apartment buildings, 900 are upper income, 600 are middle income, and 1,500 are lower income. Set up a cross-classification table for type of dwelling unit and income status, to find the probability that a person chosen at random: a. Is type of dwelling unit statistically independent of income?

Private

Apartment

Upper income

240

900

1140

Middle income

1200

600

1800

Lower income

560

1500

2060

Total

2000

3000

5000

Null hypothesis: dwelling unit is independent of income

Null hypothesis: dwelling unit is not independent of income

Chi-Square Test

Observed Frequencies

Column variable

Calculations

private

apartment

Total

fo-fe

upper income

240

900

1140

-216

216

middle income

1200

600

1800

480

-480

lower income

560

1500

2060

-264

264

Total

2000

3000

5000

Expected Frequencies

Column variable

0

private

apartment

Total

(fo-fe)^2/fe

upper income

456

684

1140

102.3158

68.2105

middle income

720

1080

1800

320.0000

213.3333

lower income

824

1236

2060

84.5825

56.3883

Total

2000

3000

5000

Data

Level of Significance

0.05

Number of Rows

3

Number of Columns

2

Degrees of Freedom

2

Results

Critical Value

5.991

Chi-Square Test Statistic

844.831

Critical Chi square value at 0.05 level =5.991

Calculated chi square =844.831 > 5.991 the table value.

The null hypothesis is rejected.

At the 5% level of significance, dwelling unit is not independent of income.

Private

Apartment

Upper income

240

900

1140

Middle income

1200

600

1800

Lower income

560

1500

2060

Total

2000

3000

5000