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DISCRETE MATH - COMBINTORICS What is the minimum number of bits required to stor

ID: 3141454 • Letter: D

Question

DISCRETE MATH - COMBINTORICS

What is the minimum number of bits required to store each binary string of length 50? What is the minimum number of bits required to store each number with 9 base ten digits? What is the minimum number of bits required to store each length 10 fixed-density binary string with 4 ones? In terms of n, what is the minimum number of bits required to store each subset of a set with n elements? What is the minimum number of bits required to store each rearrangement of the numbers 1 through 8? What is the minimum number of bits required to store each three-letter string? (26 alphabetical letters, not case-sensitive)

Explanation / Answer

(According to Chegg policy, only four subquestions will be answered. Please post the remaining in another question)

(a) Each bit can have two choices i.e 0 or 1.

Therefore total number of 50 bit binary strings = 250.

Each string takes 50 bits.

Therefore 250 strings take 50*250 bits.

(b) Each digit in base 10 can have 10 options i.e 0,1,2.....9.

So there are 109 numbers with 9 base ten digits.

Each number takes 9 digits.

Therefore 109 numbers take 9*109 digits.

Each decimal digit can be represented using a minimum of four bits (9 = 1001).

Therefore a minimum of 36*109 bits is required.

(c) The 4 ones can occupy 10 digits in 10C4 ways.

The remaining 6 are automatically 0s.

Each string has length 10.

Therefore 10C4 strings take 10*10C4 bits = 2100 bits.

(d) Since there are n elements, the various elements need [log2 n] bits where [x] is the least integer greater than or equal to x also known as the ceiling function.

There are nC1 one element subsets and each subset needs [logn 1] bits.

There are nC2 two element subsets and each subset needs [logn 2] bits.

There are nC3 three element subsets and each subset needs [logn 3] bits.

.....

There are nCn n element subsets and each subset needs [logn n] bits.

=> Minimum number of bits needed to store all subsets

= nC1 * [logn 1] +  nC2 * [logn 2] +  nC3 * [logn 3] + ......... nCn * [logn n]