1. Decide whether the following arguments are inductive or deductive in nature.

Question

1. Decide whether the following arguments are inductive or deductive in nature. Explain why.

(a) Suppose that every day that the sun does not shine, it rains. Today is cloudy, so it must be raining.

(b) The sun has always risen in the morning. So tomorrow it will rise in the morning.

(c) Whether I like it or not, tomorrow will come. So tomorrow will come.

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2. Decide if each of the following deductive arguments is valid.

(a) If I don't pass my driving test, I won't have a license. I passed my driver's test, therefore I have a license.

(b) If the stoplight is either green or yellow, I can legally proceed through the intersection. The stoplight is red, so I cannot legally proceed.

(c) If I cook the eggs too long, they will be dry. The eggs are not dry, so I did not cook them too long.

Explanation / Answer

a. It is inductive reasoning because it is taking examples to draw a conclusion.

b. It is inductive reasoning because we are taking examples to generate a rule.

c. Here premise is true so conclusion cannot be false,

Here we are stating a rule and from there we are drawing conclusion so it is deductive

A deductive argument is said to be valid iff it takes the form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false.

2. a It is valid because premise is true and hence the conclusion.

b. It is valid because the premise is true and the conclusion

C. It is invalid because premise is true but conclusion is false

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