A 5 years old child was a known case of bronchial asthma and was observed of bei

Question

A 5 years old child was a known case of bronchial asthma and was observed of being allergic to the peanuts. His parents always avoid him from taking any peanut or peanut made foods. One day he shared a peanut butter sandwich with his friend, after which he developed status asthmaticus (severe attack of asthma characterized by breathlessness and in extreme cases cyanosis). He was rushed to the hospital where emergency care was provided and a blood sample was also taken for blood gas analysis. What findings do you expect in the blood gas analysis of this child? Comment on normal partial pressures of oxygen and carbondioxide in arterial and venous blood. Comment on the Hb saturation in this child. What type of hypoxia is expected in this child? Explain the physiological basis of this type of hypoxia.

Explanation / Answer

What findings do you expect in the blood gas analysis of this child?

Status asthmaticus: it is an acute severe asthmas cause in children mainly in males. In this disorder, allergens (for example children who are allergic to peanuts) are going to cause obstruction of airways via allergic stimulated mast cells result in “histamine activity with cross-bridging of IgE”. The arterial blood gas analysis is going to useful to find out the “peak flow rate (33% in status asthamaticus) and useful to unravel the oxygen saturation level (below 92% (blue discoloration) with hemoglobin, amount of immune factors. The arterial blood gas analysis of this patient is going to reveal the level of oxygen & hypercapnia

Comment on normal partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial and venous blood?

PO2 is decreased and Pco2 is increased (hypercapnia). Lesser ratio of V/Q leading to reduced partial pressure of O2 (due to impairment of the pulmonary air exchange) and reduced excretion of CO2 leading to more PCO2 usually happens in apnea or asthma.

Comment on the Hb saturation in this child?

The oxygen saturation level (below 92% (blue discoloration) with hemoglobin, amount of immune factors. The arterial blood gas analysis of this patient is going to reveal the level of oxygen & hypercapnia

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