Geology Assignment. Note: I have already done Questions 1, 2, 3, and 4. I just n

Question

Geology Assignment.

Note: I have already done Questions 1, 2, 3, and 4. I just need help answering Questions 5, 6, and 7.

Loma Prieta Earthquake San Francisco is located in a tectonically active region, so it occasionally experiences strong earthquakes. Figure 1 is a map showing the kinds of Earth materials upon which buildings have been constructed in a portion of San Francisco. These materials include hard compact Franciscan Sandstone, uncompacted beach and dune sands, river gravel, and artificial fill. The artificial fill in mostly debris from buildings destroyed in the great 1906 earthquake that reduced large portions of the city to blocks of rubble. Also note that three locations have been labeled X, Y, and Z on Figure 1. Imagine that you have been hired by and insurance company to asses what risk there may be in building newly constructed apartment buildings located at X, Y, and Z on Figure 1. Your job is to infer whether the risk of property damage during strong earthquakes in low (little or no damage expected) or high (damage can be expected). All that you have as a basis for reasoning is Figure 1 and knowledge of your experiments with the liquefaction models San Francisco Bay Marina Green Bay 0.2 0 500 m River gravel XFranciscan sandstone member Z Artificial fill A Seismic station 10 20 30 Y Modern beach and dune sands Time(s) Figure 1 Map of the nature and distribution of Earth materials on which buildings and roads have been constructed for a portion of San Francisco Figure 2 Seismograms recorded at Stations X, Y, and Z, for a strong (Richter Magnitude 4.6) aftershock of the Loma Prieta, California, earthquake. During the earthquake, little damage occurred at X, but significant damage to houses occurred at Y and Z 1. In relation to the seismograms (Figure 2), rank the seismograms according to the amount of shaking 3 X 2 Z

Explanation / Answer

5) According to the given condition it is providede that the three locations ahve the diferent geographical features. as there are three locations and we have the different seismic value recording but the question is why and what factors is responsible for the dissimilarities. now from the given sistuation it is found that the location X is not having any significant damage but location Y have the moderate damage and the location Z have the extreme damage. if we make a correlation with the case 1,2,3 then we have found that it is the deposition charater and features of the location. this means that the location X have the sandstone and which have the ability to absorb the seismic waves more effectivly. in case of the Y the land have the bed rock and dune sand which moderatly absorb the seismic wave and the at last the location Z have the bed rock with artifitial filling and thus unable to withstand the seismic waves and thus suffer a great damage as compared to the above both cases.

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6) The earthquake damage is always propogate from the location of the eye to the all directions. the magnitude of the waves can be such that it can bring the tsunami and even small that cannot be detected by humans. it all depend upon the richter scale where we just detect the magnitude. if the proprties apart from the 600 m will have the great loss means that the waves are effective in this range and thus making loss of proprties and extreme damage take place in that range of the locations.

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7) First of all it should be kept in the mind that the natural calamities like earth quake are very destructive and damaging in the nature and no human have such power and even no advanced technology a human have which can stop earthquake. the only thing which we can do in case of such calamities is to protect ourselves only in any case ad any how if we want to survive. now the question is that how can be do that and what will be the step if we are the member of the council.

=>first of all we need to send all the population to the open space which is a flat land .

=> always construct building and the infrastructure with the sandstone in the base of the building which can absorb the shocks waves.

=> there should be more open space between the building as if one building get collapsed then it will create damage to the all buildings which are near by to that building.

=> there should be improvement in the design and planning of the infrastructure in the city.

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