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Home Tools 1406s18 ass04 P... 1406s18 ass01 p... * )Saleh 75% ENSC 1406-Earth's Page 3 of 3 Table 1. Typical earth surface reflectivity values Surface Reflectivity 0.50 0.05 0.10 0.35 0.85 0.53 0.35 0.35 .30 0.10 0.20 0.25 0.10 0.18 Conditions ow overcast, 200n thick s?nooth, sola wavy, solar angle 60 water olar angle 20 fresh lovw old, clean er, clean dry, li sandy light dark al fields cereals, tobacco fotest forest mixed hardwoods, in raam forest Table 2. Radiation and energy fluxes values at a site located at 49° N latitude (late spring season). QH 0100 0200 0300 0400 0 0500 060015827 0700 0800 52 89 363 51 0900 1000754128 358 476 1100 1200 886 365 506 1300 1400 753128 358 476 1500 600522 1700 1800155 26 1900 20000 35 425 339430 326 428 3262 86 12 154 199 28 132 58 224 85 326 97 322 69 229 41 383 527 391 518 390 96 376 464 358 32 20 2200 0 2300 2400 0 118 105 68 431 35 mote that for shortwave and longwave adintion, arrows denote direction relative to the eath's surfice; for non-raditive ves signs are used to indicate low toward (neatve) or away rom (posive) the surface (opposite toQ which theyExplanation / Answer
2. The radiation which comes directly from the Sun is called Shortwave radiation. The absorption of the shortwave radiation by land, ocean, atmosphere heats the Earth's surface. The radiation which comes out from the Earth's surface after it has undergone heating is called Longwave radiation. The typical range of wavelength of shortwave radiation is 0.01 to 1.5 micrometers whereas for longwave radiation it is 1.5 to 100 micrometers.
3. Emission refers to the radiation which is originated due to the heating of a surface whereas reflection generates radiation when the incoming solar energy is returned back from the surface with immediate effect.
4. The source of the downgoing longwave radiation in this example is the atmosphere and its various components such as gases like H2O and CO2.
5. About 17% of the incoming shortwave radiation is being reflected from the surface. This is evident by the values obtained by dividing the values of the third column by those in the second column. At 0600 hours, the fraction of the shortwave radiation reflected is 27 /158 = 0.17. At 1800 hours, the value is 26 / 155 = 0.167. Albedo is the term used for describing these values of reflectivity, i.e. (Reflected radiation) / (Incident radiation) x 100
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