7. [3 pts] Researchers randomly assigned participants who smoked but were hoping

Question

7. [3 pts] Researchers randomly assigned participants who smoked but were hoping to quit using tobacco to one of two treatments: nicotine patch (our control) or a newly designed pill (the treatment). Six months later the participants reported whether they were able to quit smoking or not. What is the primary advantage of random assignment of the treatment? Circle one. (A) It ensures that the study participants are representative of the larger population. (B) It allows inference back to a population of smokers who want to quit using tobacco. (C) It ensures that the participant doesn't know which treatment they are getting (D) It allows the researchers to infer that any difference in outcome was due to the treatments 8. Three different classes were asked to rate their instructor on a scale of 1 (worst) to 9 (best) Examine the following distributions of ratings. The mean of each distribution is 5. Class A Class B Class C 1 2 3 45678 9 Class BRatings 123456789 Class C Ratings Class A Ratings 12 pts] Which of the three classes has the smallest standard deviation of ratings? Cirele one. a. (A) Class A (B) Class B (C) Class C

Explanation / Answer

7)D

In order to ensure that the research is free from the influence of external factors such as biasedness we use random assignment

8)A

in the first picture the frequency fluctuations are very less when compared to the other 2 hence the standard deviation will be less for the first one

9)a)B

here we need to find if there is any difference between the average of age between two sex. since the sex of one person is independent of other we use difference between means

9)b)D

here the two categorical variables are the sex(male and female) and class(upper and lower)

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