1. The Republic of ________ declared its independence from Serbia in 2008, follo

Question

1. The Republic of ________ declared its independence from Serbia in 2008, following ethnic cleansing and war crimes by some Serb leaders.

2. Most governments in the world today consider China (officially, the People's Republic of China) and Taiwan (officially, the Republic of China) as one and the same sovereign state.

3. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea defines the High Seas as those parts of the oceans or seas including territorial waters and Exclusive Economic Zones.

4. Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic state shapes?

Explanation / Answer

Question:

1. The Republic of ________ declared its independence from Serbia in 2008, following ethnic cleansing and war crimes by some Serb leaders.
Answer:
Kosovo.
Reason:
Kosovo's declaration of independence was on 17th of February 2008 by the Assembly of Kosovo, in a meeting attended by 109 members out of 120. This meeting was boycotted by 11 minority Serbs. This was actually the second declaration of independence which was successfully gained this time due to the majority of Albanian political institutions whereas the first was claimed on 1990 that was unsuccessful in a whole.
Rest of the regions given as options in the question where not ruled by Serbia nor gained their independence from their rulers in 2008.

Question:
2. Most governments in the world today consider China (officially, the People's Republic of China) and Taiwan (officially, the Republic of China) as one and the same sovereign state.
Answer:
False.
Reason:
China and Taiwan are two referred to as Two china’s due to the Geopolitical situation in which both the political entities each call themselves China. As far as this issue is concerned, China (PRC) and Taiwan(ROC) run their own and different governments that work independent of each other after the Chinese Civil war where ROC controls Taiwan and some nearby Island groups and PRC controls the mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau.

Question:
3. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea defines the High Seas as those parts of the oceans or seas including territorial waters and Exclusive Economic Zones.
Answer:
True.
Reason:
According to Article 7 (straight baselines) under PART II :TERRITORIAL SEA AND CONTIGUOUS ZONE of United Nations; The system of straight baselines may not be applied by a State in such a manner as to cut off the territorial sea of another State from the high seas or an exclusive economic zone.
The Convention on the High Seas was used as a foundation for the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, signed in 1982, which recognized Exclusive Economic Zones extending 200 nautical miles from the baseline, where coastal States have sovereign rights to the water column and sea floor as well as the natural resources found there.

Question:
4. Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic state shapes?
Answer:
Pointed.
Reason:
Shape of most of the countries could be divided into five main Shapes such as - compact, prorupted, perforated, fragmented, and elongated where pointed is not one of them.
Compact – It is a small and centralized state. Example - Poland.
Prorupted – It has a long extension, or an extended arm of territory. Example - Thailand.
Perforated – It is a state completely surrounds another. Example - South Africa.
Fragmented –It is a state that is separated by a physical or human barrier. Example - Indonesia.
Elongated – A state, elongated shaped that is long and narrow. Example - Chile.

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