5. Tropical forest loss between 2000 and 2010 was 1) About 1 million hectares pe
ID: 291608 • Letter: 5
Question
5. Tropical forest loss between 2000 and 2010 was
1) About 1 million hectares per year
2) About 3.5 million hectares per year
3) About 8.5 million hectares per year
4) About 85 million hectares per year
5) Not significant, due to increased conservation efforts
6. A graph showing the proportion of forested land as a function of population density looks
like ...
1) A U shape
2) An inverted U shape
3) An S shape
4) A pyramid
5) A straight line
7. Which one of the following statements about forest management is false?
1) Cultivated forests tend to be monocultures
2) Forest area in temperate zones tends to be stable or increasing
3) Using the maximum sustained yield principle ensures ecosystem sustainability
4) Complex ecosystems tend to be more resilient
5) Total tropical forest area tends to be decreasing
8. Which of the following statements is not true?
1) Biodiversity loss has accelerated in recent decades
2) Biodiversity loss has economic consequences
3) Biodiversity loss can be viewed as a negative externality
4) Biodiversity loss is internalized into commercial markets
5) Biodiversity loss affects birds, mammals, amphibians, and fishes
9. Demand side policies for sustainable forest management include all of the following except:
1) Expanded recycling of wood and paper products
2) Higher prices for paper and wood products
3) Subsidies for timber production
4) Internalizing environmental externalities into prices
5) Certification of sustainably produced wood products
10. An ecosystems management model can involve all of the following except….
1) Price incentives
2) Community management
3) Secure land tenure
4) Plantation monocultures
5) Credit availability
11. About what percent of the world’s water supplies are used for agricultural purposes?
1) 90%
2) 70%
3) 45%
4) 20%
5) 10%
12. Which one of the following statements best describes the future of global freshwater
supplies?
1) Water shortages are likely to become less frequent in both developed and developing countries
2) Water shortages are likely to become less frequent in developing countries but more frequent in developed countries
3) Water shortages are likely to continue at present rates in both developing and developed countries
4) Water shortages are likely to increase, mainly in developed countries
5) Water shortages are likely to increase, mainly in developing countries
13. Which one of the following statements is true?
Water use is clearly higher in countries with higher income levels
Water use is clearly higher in countries with lower income levels
Water use in a country is closely linked to the level of manufacturing
Water use in a country is closely linked to the level of agriculture
Water use in a country is clearly linked to electricity use
14. Which one of the following statements best describes projected water demands in the coming decades?
Global water demand will increase, but agricultural demand will decrease
Water demand will increase significantly in all countries
Global water demand will increase mainly due to increased agricultural demand
Global water demand will increase mainly in developed countries
Global water demand will remain relatively constant
15. The main problem with using groundwater to increase water supplies is that ...
1) Groundwater tends to be contaminated with pesticides
2) Groundwater is normally found in countries that already have sufficient supplies
3) Groundwater aquifers are being rapidly depleted
4) Groundwater tends to be too salty
5) Groundwater tends to be too expensive
16. The main problem with using desalination to increase water supplies is that ...
1) There are few available sources
2) It is very expensive
3) Supplies are usually contaminated with pesticides
4) Water tends to evaporate before it can be used
5) Communities tend to be located too far from water supplies
17. Which one of the following is an example of demand-side water management?
Expanded development of groundwater aquifers
Desalination
Building large dams
Increasing water prices
Building small dams
18. Which one of the following is normally the cheapest way to address water shortages?
Expanded development of groundwater aquifers
Desalination
Building dams
Water conservation efforts
Creating a system of property rights
19. Which one of the following policies would not reduce water use?
1) Full marginal-cost pricing
2) Microirrigation technology
3) Reusing wastewater for industrial uses
4) Subsidizing irrigation systems
5) Removing water subsidies
20. What water price structure is most common in the United States?
Uniform block structure
Constant price structure
Increasing block structure
Decreasing block structure
Marginal price structure
Part B. Qualitative Analysis (10 points)
Please complete (in Microsoft Word document) the following questions:
Question # 1: Explain how a timber company can determine whether to clear cut a forest plot or practice sustainable forestry. What variables will they take into account?
Question # 2: Discuss the main causes of forest loss, and explain how these vary in different areas of the world.
Question # 3: List and describe supply-side policies that could be instituted to encourage more sustainable forestry.
Question # 4: How can water markets increase economic efficiency? List three conditions necessary for a successful water market.
.
Explanation / Answer
5-Tropical forest loss between 2000 to 2010 was about 8.5 million hectare per year.
The most loss is from Brazil which is about 3.2million hectares per year.In the all over the world the tropical loss was very significant amount.
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