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SECTION LEARNING GOALS dnow have the understanding and skills to: ize that small

ID: 2908800 • Letter: S

Question

SECTION LEARNING GOALS dnow have the understanding and skills to: ize that smaller p-values give stronger evidence in support of rnative hypothesis strate an understanding of the concept of statistical significance formal decision in a hypothesis test by comparing a p-value to significance level e conclusion to a hypothesis test in context less formal decision that reflects the strength of evidence in a t a hypothesis test for a variety of situations 4.3 488 p-value 0.0320 es are given. 4.89 p-value 0.2800 against4.90 p-value 0.008 4.91 p-value 0.0621 SKILL BUILDER 4 In Exercises 4.92 and 4.93, match the four p-values with the appropriate conclusion: (a) The evidence against the null hypothesis is sig- :0.08 0.62 0.13 0.0008 nificant, but only at the 10% level. alternative is very strong. hypothesis, even at the 10% level. a 1% level. State the con- ue in terms of we use a 5% (b) The evidence against the null and in favor of the (c) There is not enough evidence to reject the null (d) The result is significant at a 5% level but not at 4.92 I 0.0875 I 05457 II 0.0217 IV 0.00003 4.93 I. 000008 IL 0.0571 lue given,are At a 5% level? III. 0.0368 IV 0.1753 Significance Levels Test A is described in a 4.94 Journal article as being significant with "F?.01";

Explanation / Answer

Exercise 4.92

(a) The evidence against the null hypothesis is significant, but only at the 10% level.

Answer:

I. 0.0875

(P-value = 0.0875 is less than level of significance = ? = 0.10 but more than ? = 0.05 or 0.01.)

(b) The evidence against the null and in favour of the alternative is very strong.

Answer:

IV. 0.00003

(P-value is very less which indicate very strong evidence against the null hypothesis.)

(c) There is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis, even at the 10% level.

Answer:

II. 0.5457

(P-value = 0.5457 is greater ? = 0.10, so we do not reject the null hypothesis)

(d) The result is significant at a 5% level but not at a 1% level.

Answer:

III. 0.0217

(P-value = 0.0217 is lies between ? = 0.01 and 0.05.)

Exercise 4.93

(a) The evidence against the null hypothesis is significant, but only at the 10% level.

Answer:

II. 0.0571

(P-value = 0.0571 is less than level of significance = ? = 0.10 but more than ? = 0.05 or 0.01.)

(b) The evidence against the null and in favour of the alternative is very strong.

Answer:

I. 0.00008

(P-value is very less which indicate very strong evidence against the null hypothesis.)

(c) There is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis, even at the 10% level.

Answer:

IV. 0.1753

(P-value = 0.1753 is greater ? = 0.10, so we do not reject the null hypothesis)

(d) The result is significant at a 5% level but not at a 1% level.

Answer:

III. 0.0368

(P-value = 0.0217 is lies between ? = 0.01 and 0.05.)