full and detailed answers appreciated. thanks!!!! Exercise 6 The following table

Question

full and detailed answers appreciated. thanks!!!!

Exercise 6 The following table presents some characteristics of three so-called greenhouse gases Concentration Greenhouse gas CO, [ppm] CH4 [ppb] CFC-11 [ppb] Radiative Forcing formula Pre-industrial present 278 700 0 400 1850 5.41 x In(C/C 0.036 x (VC-VCo) 0.3 x C 0.23 Explain the three different shapes of the Radiative Forcing formulas in terms of the mechanisms of absorption in the atmosphere. (a) (b)Calculate the total Radiative Forcing nowadays due to the greenhouse gases in the table To estimate the temperature change caused by this amount of Radiative Forcing, we use a very simple assumption. If the radiation balance of the earth is in equilibrium RadiationIN-Radiation0UT (R1-Ro) we suppose this amount is equal to the Stefan-Boltzmann equation for blackbody radiation with Ts the temperature of the earth's surface OT' OR ) Calculate the dependence function of Ts on small changes in Ro (the partial derivative On the other hand we know with S the solar constant (1353 W/m2), a the earth's albedo (0.3) , and Stefan-Boltzmann's constant (c) Ro = RI =(1-a) 4 (5.67x103 W/(m'K*)) (d)What is the temperature change according to this simple model caused by the radiative forcing you calculated at (b) ? (Hint: interpret the radiative forcing as a change in Ro)

Explanation / Answer

a. Radiative forcing formula for CO2 = 5.41 ln (C/C0)

Where C - Present concentration of CO2

C0 - Initial concentration of CO2

Radiative forcing formula for CH4 = 0.036 * (C)^(1/2) - (C0)^(1/2)

Where C - Present concentration of CH4

C0 - Initial concentration of CH4

Radiative forcing formula for CFC -II = 0.3*C

Where C - Present concentration of CFC -II

b.  Radiative forcing formula for CO2 = 5.41 ln (C/C0) = 5.41 ln (400/278) = 1.97

Radiative forcing formula for CH4 = 0.036 * (C)^(1/2) - (C0)^(1/2) =  0.036 * (1850)^(1/2) - (700)^(1/2) = 5.96

Radiative forcing formula for CFC -II = 0.3*C = 0.3*0.23 = 0.069

c. R0 = R1 = (1-a) (S/4)

R0 = (1-0.3)*(1353/4) = 236.775

R0 = sigma * Ts^4

236.775 = 5.67 *110^-8 *Ts^4

Ts = 254.2K

d. R0 Value for Green house gases = 1.97+5.69+0.069 = 7.999

Initial R0 Value = 236.775

Then Total R0 = 236.775 + 7.999 = 244.774

then 244.774 = 5.67 *110^-8 *Ts^4

  Ts = 256.32 K

Then Because of Green house gases nearly 2.2 k te,perature increased

  

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse F
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.