Lab #3: Sedimentary Rocks and Depositional Environments 2. Look back at the seco

Question

Lab #3: Sedimentary Rocks and Depositional Environments 2. Look back at the second column in Time III (it has a above it). Copy the rock names you wrote d the matching boxes below and complete the table. Rock Type (copy names over) Depositional Environment (based on p. 61 diagram) Energy Level (low, intermediate, high) 3. Think about the changes between Time l and Time ll. What geologic, climate or environmental events have caused the change in environment, and therefore the changes in energy level? Refer to Geologic Hs section in your pre-lab reading. 4. Think about the changes between Time II and Time II. What geologic, climate, or environmental events have caused the change in environment, and therefore the changes in energy level? Refer to Geologic section in your pre-lab reading. Activity 3: Compaction of Sediments through the rocks, we n the canyon walls that all formed in the same location but at different times and in If the rocks in a sequence were uplifted above sea level, and a stream were to cut would see a stack of rocks i different depositional environments. How long does this take? Let's investigate. 1. Deposition: the principle of uniformitarianism says that the processes that are going on today are the same as those that have acted in the past ("The present is the key to the past"). Modern depositional rates of carbonate sediment in the Caribbean Sea are 1.52 cm/1,000 years. Given that rate, how long would it take to deposit a 100 m thick layer of limestone. Show your work (no calculations, no credit). years 2. Compaction: sediment gets substantially compacted during lithification. For limestone, a typical amount of compaction turns a 100m thick layer into 85m. Given this, and using your previous answer, how long did it take to deposit 100m of limestone with compaction? Show your work (no calculations, no credit) years 3. Assuming this rock sequence has a 400m thick limestone layer, as well as a constant compaction rate during the deposition of all layers, how long did it take to deposit the 400m stack of limestone? Use your previous calculation to answer this question. Show your work (no calculations, no credit). years

Explanation / Answer

1.

100 meters = 100 x 100 cm ( As there are 100 centimeter in 1 meter)

100 meters= 10,000 cm

Deposition rate is 1.52 cm/ 1,000year

For 10,000 cm, we need = (10,000/1.52) x 1000

For deposition of 100 meters of limestone we need = 6,578,947.368 years

2.

For 100 meter compacted layer we need a deposition of = (100/85) x 100

For 100 meter compacted layer we need a deposition of = 117.6470 meter

For 100 meter compacted layer we need a deposition of = 117.6470588 x 100 cm

For 100 meter compacted layer we need a deposition of = 11,764.70588 cm

For 100 meter compacted layer we need a deposition of 11,764.70588 cm, which require time of:

=(11,764.70588/1.52) x 1000 years

For 100 meter compacted layer we need a deposition of 11,764.70588 cm, which require time of =7,739,938.08 years

3.

For 400 meter we need deposition of = (400/85) x 400 meter

= 470.5882353 meter

= 47,058.82353 cm

this require a time of = 47,058.82353/1.52) x 1000 years

Therefore for 400 meter of compacted limestone layer we need a time of =30,959,752.32 years

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