Activity 15.1 Coastline Inquiry A Refer to the photographs of coastlines in Fig.

Question

Activity 15.1 Coastline Inquiry

A Refer to the photographs of coastlines in Fig. 15.1 and the list of FactAfcting Coastlines on pages 396 and 398. 1. For each of the following coastal areas (see Fig. 15.1), describe the type of geologic material(s) that are along the coastline if visible. Then nm the to or three most important factors that determine the chaatistcs of the coastline (a) Maryland coastline with salt marsh grasses rooted in clay (b) San Fraiso, Califomia, coasline (c) Oregon coastline (d) North Carolina coastline (e) Destin, Florida, urbanized coasdine Florida Keys coastline with mangrove plants (g) Maine coastline (note person for scale) (h) Caribbean island coastline with fringing reefs (i.c, reefs attached to the island) and a barrier reef B REFLECT &DISCUSS; 1. Which of te eight coastlines shown in Fig. 15.1 is building out or expanding into the water, and what is causing that to happen? 2. Which coastline gives you the impression that the people who live there are not very concerned about rising sea evel? . Along which coastlines) wil the average position of the coastline on a map change the most when sea level rises by a few meters?

Explanation / Answer

four parameters are always studied when we think about coast. foreshore(near sea water), back shore( away from sea water) , raised beach( which is mainly formed by sea level fall), and dune( which are formed by coast particle transported by wind and accumulate at one place to form dunes which are in the range of 5-500meter from sea water)

A)

1)

a) Maryland coastline :- it is plane area and I think it is completely covered by sand, silt clay . it is more likely affected area by sea level rise.

b) San Francisco coastline : it is mainly massive hard compact type of rock which can be seen by the its less erosion ability.

c) Oregon coastline : it is a delta because it can be seen that it is completely made up of sediments which were carried by rivers and finally distributed in Lake or sea. river erodes the rocks and disintegrate into finer sediments which were transported and deposited in the form of detla.

d) North Carolina coastline: it can be seen that this coastline is having sand, silt, clay sized particle. it also shows some elevated portion of same particles indicates that sea level falls in recent time.

e) Destin, Florida urbanized coastline : coastlines are always prone to tsunami, storms, cyclones etc and hence this type of infrastructure will always prone to divastating activity. again there is sand, silt , clay sized sediments.

f) Florida keys coastline with mangrove plants : mangrove are formed in high energy conditions but sea level falls hence the water comes through tides are responsible for development of mangroves.

g) Maine coastline: it is mainly pebble Boulder are there. Which were transported by sea water

h) Caribbean Island coastline with reefs : coral reefs are formed in the land- water zone. Ex near coast or on island where water and rock are at edges of island. Sea level rise is the condition for formation of reefs

B)

1) In above eight diagrams, the third( Oregon coastline) will expand into water because it is delta and delta is the formed river carried sediments.obviously rivers at its end will join sea or lake . when it joins the lakes or sea it distribute the carried sediments forming delta which will continue

2) sea level rises and falls and the best place which is not affected by this rise and fall is the high elevation areas which can be seen in the second picture( San francisco, California coastline). all other shows very near to the coast will definitely affect by sea level change.

3) here two coastline are very prone to sea level rise one is Maryland coastline with saltmarsh and other is Oregon coastline both are near to sea level and hence sea level rise by few meters can change the coastal characteristics of this coastalines.

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