1. You are studying three fruit fly mutants that affect the APS gene. All three
ID: 280280 • Letter: 1
Question
1. You are studying three fruit fly mutants that affect the APS gene. All three have been caused by transposon(s) jumping into genes.
a) In mutant 1, the APS mRNA is not expressed. What is the most likely place the transposon jumped into?
b) In mutant 2, the APS protein is smaller than normal. What is the most likely place the transposon jumped into?
c) In mutant 3, the APS protein is larger than normal, and appears to now contain a part of the actin protein. What is the most likely place the transposon jumped into? Please draw a diagram to illustrate your answer.
2. What effect on transcription of the mouse Apcs gene would you predict to occur if the histones on the Apcs gene become phosphorylated? Explain your answer.
3. You are a molecular biologist studying a newly emerging virus in a small town in Texas that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The symptoms of infection start with a high fever, a loss of blood pressure, followed by death. You have found that adding a viral extract (virus with a broken open capsid) to a human cell extract causes production of the virus. You need to determine if the virus is a RNA virus or a DNA virus. You have available
-a way to purify DNA
-a way to purify RNA
-DNase (enzyme that destroy DNA)
-RNase (enzyme that destroys RNA)
Please explain two ways that you could determine whether the virus is a DNA virus or a RNA virus.
4.Design a gene latch circuit, so that when a signal arrives at a cell, the gene is turned on in that cell and all the descendents of that cell.
5. You are a nurse in charge of controlling the spread of infectious diseases in a hospital. About 4 weeks ago there was an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in a surgical oncology ward. This morning you get a report of 4 children in a pediatric ward developing vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. One of the pediatricians tells you that the pediatricians have never before seen vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, and they have no idea how this could have happened. Explain what probably happened, drawing diagrams.
6. You are a bioengineer working to use Trichoderma fungus to convert cellulose from crop waste into sucrose, which can then be fermented to make ethanol to make biodiesel fuel. You have hundreds of flasks of Trichoderma growing using cellulose as their only carbon source, and the cells are growing slowly. The Trichoderma express a cellulase gene under control of a fully-optimized Trichoderma promoter. One afternoon, you notice a flask with cells growing abnormally fast, and an assay shows that the cells are making double the normal amount of cellulase. Explain what happened, drawing diagrams.
Explanation / Answer
1. a. Jumping genes or transposons are thetsegmesegmof DNA which can move from one locus to other. If a jumping gene is jumped into start codon than translation is not started and mRNA not expressed.
b. It is due to insertion of jumping gene into a codon and which is convertedcinto stop codon. This is called non sense mutation.
c. If a jumping gene is inserted into stop codon andachange thetstop codon into coding one then protein will larger than normal.
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