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ACTIVE INGREDIENT Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, Serotype H-14 primary

ID: 278839 • Letter: A

Question

ACTIVE INGREDIENT Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, Serotype H-14 primary powder, 7000 Aedes aegypti international toxic units (ITU) per milligram (dry weight basis) 10% 90% 1. The active ingredient in Bti products is a crystalline protein protoxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis a. endospores b. bacteria 2. Bt bioinsecticides are toxic to insect larvae that eat them, but are not toxic to humans and a. the B. thuringiensis protoxin is activated only in the basic environment of the insect gut. b. humans are much larger than insects and are less likely to be affected c. humans eat very little of the product, while insect larvae at a lot of it d. Actually, Bt insecticides are toxic when eaten by humans and other animals 3. Nolo Bait®, which contains spores of the obligate intracellular fungus Nosema locustae, has been licensed by the EPA as a control measure for grasshoppers. Nolo Bait is also called "Grasshopper Spore." N. locustae spores and bacterial spores are similar in all of the following ways EXCEPT Both spores are used for reproduction All of the above are true of both types of spores Both spores can remain viable in the environment for long periods of time Both spores remain inert under adverse conditions a. b. c. d. 4. What unusual cellular characteristic does N. locustae share with the protist Mixotricha paradoxa, the organism discussed in the article "A Russian Doll of Symbiosis?" 5. Photorhabdus luminescens is perhaps the most unusual microbe yet proposed to be used as a bioinsecticide. Photorhabdus luminescens and the microscopic worm Heterohabditis bacteriophora are then parasitizes an insect larva, and the The P. luminescens lives in a ce host. This host that kill the within it produ 6. The relationship exhibited by P. luminescens bacteria and the nematode worm Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is a good example of a. parasitism b. mutualism c. commensalism

Explanation / Answer

1. bacteria

2. The B thuringenesis protoxin is activated only in basic environment of the insect gut while humans have acidic environment in gut.

6 .Both show mutulismm

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