The energy of activation refers to the amount of free energy needed to proceed a
ID: 273252 • Letter: T
Question
The energy of activation refers to the amount of free energy needed to proceed a reaction. A(n) _____________________ lowers the amount of energy needed to allow the reaction to proceed.
Carbohydrate
Enzyme
Cofactor
Inhibitor
You are watching your little cousin build a tower of blocks. He then knocks them down. The faling blocks is a form of _________________________ energy.
Real
Heat
Kinetic
Potential
The energy from the sun nourishes plants that then nourish herbivores. As the energy flows through the living system, it usually leaves in the form of __________________.
Heat
Detritus
Proteins
Energy
A metabolic pathway that breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules is a(n) ______________________ reaction while a metabolic pathway that builds a large molecule from smaller ones is a(n) _____________________ reaction.
Exergonic, endergonic
Anabolic, catabolic
Endergonic, exergonic
Catabolic, anabolic
Potential energy is the energy stored by location or structure of matter; however, __________________ energy is the energy of movement.
Kinetic
Potential
Heat
Real
In many _____________________ pathways, a cacade of both anabolism and catabolism are required to complete the reaction.
Thermodynamics
Metabolic
Exergonic
Endergonic
The measure of the amount of disorder in a system is called ___________________.
Equilibrium
Thermodynamics
Entropy
Energy
All organisms require __________________ to live, reproduce, and maintain homeostasis.
What is glucose broken down into in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
ATP
NADH
Carbon dioxide
Pyruvate
The process of ______________________ is what breaks the last phosphate group off of an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule.
The primary energy currency in a cell is a small molecule called _________________________.
NADH
ATP
DNA
RNA
ATP is composed of an adenine, a ribose sugar, three phosphate molecules, and the bonds between molecules. In which part of ATP is the potential energy stored?
Ribose
Adenine
Phosphate molecules
The bonds
The 8 steps of the citric acid cycle is a loop because
The ATP used in glycolysis are regenerated back into ADP
The compounds used in the first stage are regenerated in the last stage to be used again
The carbon atoms must turn in a circle in order to be incorporated into sugar
In what organelle in eukaryotic cells does the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation occur?
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Which is the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration?
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
NADP
ATP
What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?
Donates electrons to decompose ATP into ADP
Carries excited electrons through a series of proteins to build a proton gradient to power ATP synthase
Holds together electrons to make the ATP electromagnetically negative
What is ATP synthase?
Is a protein complex that adds an inorganic phosphate to ADP to generate ATP
Is a protein complex that breaks down ATP into ADP by removing a phosphate group
In what type of mammal cells would lactic acid fermentation occur?
Skin
Bone
Muscle
Brain
Alcohol fermentation produces ______________________ as a byproduct of ATP production.
Glucose
Ethanol
Acetyl CoA
Pyruvate
Fermentation is the pathway used in the ________________________ of oxygen.
Breakdown
Absence
Presence
Production
What type of metabolic reaction is fermentation?
Exergonic aerobic
Exergonic anaerobic
Endergonic aerobic
Endergonic anaerobic
Carbon fixation is the:
Conversion of CO2 into an organic compound
Synthesis of glucose from G3P
Conversion of H2O into an organic compound
Formation of NADPH from CO2
The final product of photosynthesis that can be used in cellular respiration is ___________________ (enter the chemical formula!).
What is the source of the carbon that is incorporated into the glucose molecule in photosynthesis?
Sugar
CO2
Sunlight
Water
The purpose of photosynthesis is to produce ________________, a form of potential chemical energy, which can then be converted to _________________ in respiration as another form of potential chemical energy.
ATP, glucose
ATP, NADPH
Glucose, ATP
Glucose, NADPH
The light-dependent reaction occur in the membrane of the thylakoids and the Calvin cycle occurs in the ______________________ of the chloroplast.
Stomata
Stroma
Cytoplasm
Granum
What do organisms need along with chloroplasts to perform photosynthesis?
ATP, water and sunlight
Glucose and oxygen
Carbon dioxide, water and sunlight
ATP, carbon dioxide and water
All living cells need ____________________ to do work.
DNA
Proteins
Glucose
ATP
Heterotrophs get their energy directly from:
The sun
Water
Consuming other organisms
Eating glucose
What is chlorophyll?
An enzyme molecule
A pigment molecule
A sugar molecule
A protein molecule
The fraction of the electromagnetic spectrum which humans can see is ______________________.
The electromagnetic spectrum
Photosynthesis
Visible light
The absorption spectrum of a pigment is the specific pattern of ______________________ each pigment can absorb.
Reflection
Wavelength
Colors
Electricity
Photosystems are located in the membranes of the _________________ inside chloroplasts in eukaryotic organisms.
Mesophyll
Stroma
Chlorophyll
Thylakoid
The chlorophyll molecule donates a(n) _____________________ to “power” the next step in photosynthesis.
H+
Photon
Electron
Proton
What unit of light energy is used by a photosystem, a group of pigment molecules and proteins located in the thylakoid membrane, for each light-dependent reaction?
Neutron
Proton
Photon
Explanation / Answer
The energy of activation refers to the amount of free energy needed to proceed a reaction. A(n) enzyme lowers the amount of energy needed to allow the reaction to proceed.
You are watching your little cousin build a tower of blocks. He then knocks them down. The falling blocks is a form of kinetic energy.
The energy from the sun nourishes plants that then nourish herbivores. As the energy flows through the living system, it usually leaves in the form of energy
A metabolic pathway that breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules is a catabolic reaction while a metabolic pathway that builds a large molecule from smaller ones is a(n) anabolic reaction.
Potential energy is the energy stored by location or structure of matter; however, kinetic energy is the energy of movement.
In many metabolic pathways, a cascade of both anabolism and catabolism are required to complete the reaction.
The measure of the amount of disorder in a system is called entropy
All organisms require energy and oxygen to live, reproduce, and maintain homeostasis.
What is glucose broken down into in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? pyruvate
The process of dephosphorylation or hydrolysis is what breaks the last phosphate group off of an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule.
The primary energy currency in a cell is a small molecule called ATP
ATP is composed of an adenine, a ribose sugar, three phosphate molecules, and the bonds between molecules. In which part of ATP is the potential energy stored? The bonds
Cleavage of bonds releases energy.
The 8 steps of the citric acid cycle is a loop because The compounds used in the first stage are regenerated in the last stage to be used again
In what organelle in eukaryotic cells does the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation occur? Mitochondria
Which is the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration? Oxygen
What is the purpose of the electron transport chain? Carries excited electrons through a series of proteins to build a proton gradient to power ATP synthase
What is ATP synthase? Is a protein complex that adds an inorganic phosphate to ADP to generate ATP.
In what type of mammal cells would lactic acid fermentation occur? Muscle
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