00Bio 170 Test 3A 1.The structure that eventually evolved into the gut tube of t
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00Bio 170 Test 3A 1.The structure that eventually evolved into the gut tube of the protostomes and deuterostomes first appears in the a) Sharks, b) Cnidaria, c) Porifera, d) Mammals, e) Echinodermata 3. In the evolution of cell specialization, the molecule ATP is important because it a) supplies energy needed to synthesize macromolecules within the cell. b) supplies energy required to pump substances across the plasma membranes c) is the energy source for muscles to contract. D) All of the choices are correct, 4. Which of the following exhibits embryonic development by the deuterostome pathway? a) Annelids, b) Vertebrates, c) mollusks, d) arthropods, All are true 5. In the Cnideria the neuromuscular cell is important to the evolution of multicellular organisms because it a) regulates the lungs. b) ties together the stimulus and the response.c) is needed for reproduction. d) forms the digestive tract. e) is the first organ. 6. As eukaryotic cells become more specialized, the nucleus is NOT important as the site of. a) DNA synthesis. b) changes in the regulation of genes, c) DNA mutation, d) protein synthesis. 7. Stem cells that develop from the mesoderm are all involved in processes by which cells obtain or regulate ions, molecules and nutrients. They perform which of the fllowing a) Osmosis, bj active transport, c;) phagocytosis, d) exccytosis, e all are cor 8. In deuterostomes, all the following are true about the development of the nerve cells EXCEPT: aj They develop from the develop from Neurocytes and eventually form the Central Nervous System, e) all are corect nucleotides found in a molecule of mRNA. This mRNA sequence is determined by the structure of a) a gene in the DNA cells, b) They develop from the ectoderm. c) They are related to the neuromuscular cells in the Cnidaria, d) They RBC is specialized to synthesis a protein call hemoglobin. The synthesis of hemoglobin requires a specific sequence of b) amino acids, o) large, complex proteins, d) phospholipids, e) fatly acids and glycerol 10. Which type of tssue lines the digestive tract(Gut) and forms the functional cell of the digestive tract and covers body surfaces? a) muscle tissue, b) nervous tissue, c) epithelial tissue, d) connective tissue, e) Mesoderm 11. Which of system, organism b) cell, organ, organ system, tissue, organism. c) cell, cell, organ system, organ e) tissue, cel, organ system, organism, orgarn the folowing gives the correct sequence of increasing organizational complexity: a) organ, tissue, cell, organ tissue, organ, organ system, organism. d) organism, tissue 12. The evolution/development of the skeleton is most closely related to aj the ectoderm, b) the specialization of cells derived from the Endoderm, c) the differentiation of cells from nephron, d) the differentation of stem cells from the original mesoderm th secret a matrix of collagen, All are true. 13. In the course of evolution, the development of the gastrovascular cavity(digestive system) with only one opening is first associated with: a) Protostomes and Deuterostomes, b) Just the Protostomes such as the earthworm, c) Only the chordates, d Only the Deuterostomes such as the Vertebrates. e) The Cnidaria such as the jellyfish 14. In which part of the circulatory system is the surface area largest? a) Ventricles b) arteries c) atria d) veins e) capillaries Essay 1 What is the evidence that the space between the ectoderm and the endoderm evolves into the circulatory system of the mammal? Essay: 2 How do the functions of DNA and RNA relate to the specialization of cells that produce the skeletal system of the vertebrates Of the liver.… Of the circulatory system produce in a prokaryote cell? Essay 3 Discuss how (the process of ) proteins synthesis is responsible for one type of cell regulating other cells in an multicellular organismExplanation / Answer
1. E) Echinodermata. Protosomes (first mouth) and Deuterosomes ( second opening) first appear in Echinodermata.
3. D) All choices are correct, as ATP is the energy currency of the cells and all the activities that are energy dependent cannot take place in its absence.
4. C) Vertebrates. The superphylum Deuterostomia contains the major phyla of Vertebrata, Cephalochordata, Urochordata, Hemichordata and Echinodermata. In deuterostomes, cell divisions of the zygote occur by radial cleavage, and cell fates are not precisely determined.
5. D) Ties together stimulus and response. Cnidarians constit of primitive animals like jellyfish, corals and sea anemones. The organization of the cnidarian nervous system is simple, with a plexus of neurons in the basal part of the epithelium that form centralizations in some strategic regions, forming a primitive basis for comples nervous system in higher organisms.
6. D) Protein Synthesis.In Eukaryotes, it happens in Ribosomes, outside the nucleus.
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