Molecular biology Do 1 of the following plz reply ASAP Part B- ssays (15 pts eac

Question

Molecular biology Do 1 of the following plz reply ASAP Part B- ssays (15 pts each): answer any THREE questions, keep your answers brief and somplets 1. (a) Compare and describe the difference of gene structures in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (b) How would such difference effect the gene expre eukaryotes? sion (transcription and translation) regulation in prokaryotes and 2. The amount and/or activity of protein products produced in cells can be regulated at various stages of gene expression. Use cxamples to describe how it works at EACH of the following stages, respectively (a) transcriptional level; (b) posttranscriptional level; (c) translational level; and () posttranslational leve

Explanation / Answer

1. a. Prokaryotic gene expression is simple and it occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell including DNA replication, transcription and translation while gene expression in eukaryotes are complex and it contains several stages.

b. Prokaryotic transcription and trnaslationoccurs simultaneously in the cytoplasm and regulation occurs at the transcriptional leval. Ekaryotic gene expression is regulated during transcription and RNA processing, which takes place in the nucleus and during protein translationwhich takes place in cytoplasm.

2. a. The transcription level data can suggest whether or not the protein is present or not and roughly what level to expect to see the protein at i.e., a highly abundant protein will usually have a highly expressed mRNA(eg: something like myosin or muscle actin in muscle tissue).

c. Translational

i. General translation

ii. Regulatory elements in 5'UTR (uORFS, IRES etc)

iii. Depletion of ternary complex(TC)

d. Post-transcriptional regulation

* RNA processing

i. Alternative splicing and differential splicing

*. RNA stability

   i. Exclusion or inclusion of regulatory elements that plays a role in RNA stability.

   ii. Nonsense mediated decay (NMD) in the case of transcripts having premature stop codon.

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