2. Renin is secreted in response to hypovolemia or to an increase in the osmolal

Question

2. Renin is secreted in response to hypovolemia or to an increase in the osmolality of the blood. a. Provide three possible mechanisms by which these conditions may stimulate rennin secretion b. What are the consequences of increased rennin secretion that lead to increased aldosterone secretion? Present this sequence of events. c. Why are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) used as a common therapy for hypertension? How do they influence blood pressure? d. Are plasma levels of renin elevated or depressed in a patient with Conn’s disease? Why?

Explanation / Answer

a.1) hypovolemia, 2) low blood pressure and 3) dehydration or low osmotic potential of blood stimulate the production of renin.

b.increased renin acts on angiotensinogen produced by liver to produce angiotensin I. On which angiotensin converting enzyme act to produce angiotensin II. Finally, angiotensin II acts on adrenal glands to stimulate them to produce aldosterone.

c. Because angiotensin converting enzyme converts angiotensin I to II which leads to aldosteron production. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to increase to stimulate water and sodium retention which increases blood pressure. ACEIs would stop the production of aldosteron and thus would reduce the blood pressure.

d. No, because Conn's disease is hyperaldosteronism-increased production of aldosterone and the levels of aldosterone are increased even in the absence of renin.

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