2. Back in lab, you treat liver cells with a high concentration of a membrane pe

Question

2. Back in lab, you treat liver cells with a high concentration of a membrane permeable cAMP analog (stable molecule, similar to CAMP, that can mimic cAMP in the cell) A. (3pts) You are able to measure two downstream responses to the cAMP analog. Please circle whether these are relatively FAST or SLOW responses. Phosphorylation of PKA Transcript levels of a target gene B. (3pts) Explain your above choices and why these make most sense based on your FAST or SLOW FAST or SLOW understanding of the timescales of cellular signaling.

Explanation / Answer

Answer 2:

Part A: A cAMP analog will mimic the function of cellular cAMP and thus in the presence of an external stressor/stimulus, it will tend to increase the cellular signalling. In this regard, the phosphorylation of PKA will be faster and enhanced in nature. Consequently, the regulator of transcriptional signal will transit into the nucleus faster than normal and hence rate of gene expression would be enhanced.

Part B: Cellular signalling is based upon activation of an initiator molecule either due to presence of a stress/stimulus or enhanced intracellular concentration. The analogues are those chemical components which mimic or copy the function of a biological molecule. Hence, addition of a cAMP analogue will tend to enhance the intracellular signalling cascade in the cells and thus gene expression.

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