Please define these terms: Assortative Mating Balancing selection ?Bottleneck Ef

Question

Please define these terms:

Assortative Mating

Balancing selection

?Bottleneck Effect?

Directional Selection

?Disruptive Selection

?Founder Effect

?Frequency dependent selection

Negative frequency dependent selection

Gene Flow

Genetic Bottleneck

Genetic Drift

?Inbreeding?

Hardy Weinberg principle

Heterozygote Advantage

Mate Choice

Mate Competition

Migration

?Modes of selection

Mutation Non-Random Mating

Population

Purifying selection

Sexual dimorphism

Sexual selection

Intrasexual selection

Intersexual selection

Species

Stabilizing Selection

Explanation / Answer

Assortative Mating - It is the process of sexual selection or matting pattern according to which individual selects the mating person of the similar phenotype for mating frequently then it would be expected. For e.g. tall guy mates with the tall girl.

Balancing selection - It is a selective process of multiple alleles are actively maintained in the population gene pool due to natural selection. This selected allele helps in remain in fitness to challenge the ever changing environment.

Bottleneck effect - This term is used to describe the situation where genetic variation found in population is lost due the external forces destroy the population. Few individual remains to pass on their traits to their offspring which without competetion in large population thrives.

Directional Selection - It is the type of natural selection process where extreme phenotype which is observable character is selected and favored over mean or less extreme or opposite phenotype. As a result of it the allele frequency changes to that direction of phenotype.

Disruptive selection - It is also the type of natural selection which drives the population apart on the basis of intermediate traits. The organism with intermediate trait reproduce less and allow the organism with extreme trait reproduce more.

Founder effect - when a small part of the portion of the large population migrates it causes the loss of genetic variation due to the formation of new population. This founder effect is due the geographic islolation.

Frequency dependent selection - this selection happens where fiteness of the phenotype is depend on its frequency in the population relative to the other phenotype in that population. It could be negative when fitness of phenotype is increased where its frequency is low in population or positive when fitness of phenotype is increased when its frequency is abundant in the population..

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