SOLVING PROBLEVI3 I A group of researchers have isolated a new bacte- W, from th
ID: 262675 • Letter: S
Question
SOLVING PROBLEVI3 I A group of researchers have isolated a new bacte- W, from the lymph nodes of several patients rho returned from a camping trip and presented in the emergency room with high fever, rash, and swol- h nodes. The bacterium produces a unique OmpW) and an unusual poly- saccharide capsule (called WPS) that the researchers can see on the surfaces of the bacteria in electron mi- crographs from fresh isolates (bacteria just obtained from the patients). However, after culturing the bac- teria in vitro on agar plates, they find that most of the bacteria still have OmpW but no longer have WPS on their surfaces. The researchers also find that bacterium W binds to and invades phagocytic cells and inhibits len lymph surface protein (called their function. A. The researchers propose that OmpW and WPS might make excellent targets for development of a vaccine against bacterium W. What led the re- searchers to propose this? B. The researchers find that a vaccine made of WPS alone does not evoke long-lasting immune re- sponses. How does it elicit an immune response? What strategy could the researchers use to generate long-lasting immunity to bacterium W using WPS as part of the vaccine?Explanation / Answer
A.
Since ompW is a surface protein and unusual polysaccharide WPS both are unique to the bacteria ,so we can take part of both of them and will inject into an organism which will show immune response against them and will form antibodies and especially memory cells , which will later on will act immediately if such bacteria will infect the organism. hence can be used as a vaccine.
B.
Since we know there is very weak immune response against the polysaccharide because they are unable to show immune response rather they could not activate the T cells , so we can use the conjugate protein part with the polysaccharide which will evoke the T cell response but the T cell produce will be different than the normal T cells, they will mainly have strong effect in infants and will require the booster doses.
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