1) Y. pestis can be transmitted directly and indirectly between hosts. A. True B

Question

1) Y. pestis can be transmitted directly and indirectly between hosts.

A. True

B. False

2) Microfold cells are a part of ___________.

A. The stomach

B. The cardiovascular system

C. SALT

D. GALT

E. The spleen

3) Hemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) colonization requires ____________.

A. Toxin

B. Immune suppression

C. Transcytosis

D. Type III secretion

E. Invasion of immune cells

4) Shigella condenses __________ for lateral propagation into adjacent cells.

A. Glycoprotein

B. Water

C. Tubulin

D. Actin

E. Effectors

Explanation / Answer

1)

False

Y. pestis is maintained by flea-borne transmission between susceptible rodents and survival of infectious fleas in burrows or other suitable off-host environments.Humans and other incidental hosts of Y. pestis are not directly involved in plague maintenance

2) D) Microfold cells (or M cells) are found in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of the Peyer's patches in the small intestine, and in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

3) Type 3 secretion  EHEC colonizes human colonic biopsy samples by forming typical attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions which are dependent on EHEC type III secretion (T3S) and binding of the outer membrane protein intimin to the translocated intimin receptor (Tir)

4)Actin. Reorganization of actin polymerization to facilitate intracellular motility ofShigella bacteria inside the host cell

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