14. What is the role of oxygen in energy metabolism? 15. What is anaerobic glyco

Question

14. What is the role of oxygen in energy metabolism? 15. What is anaerobic glycolysis? 16. Describe the differences between lactic acid and pyruvic acid. 17. Specific points where carbohydrates and fatty acids (fats) enter into the aerobic pathways. 18. What are the characteristics of steady state exercise? 19. Give exampies of activities which are aerobic, anaerobic, or combined aerobic and anaerobic. 20. What is the maximal oxygen uptake? Do all people have the same values? Which athletes have the higher values? 21. Blood lactate threshold i.e., anaerobic threshold) is defined as what? 22. If an indivídual is using 20 mLO k kgmini (the given VO2) running to the grocery store and her VOa ax is 40 mi kg- min, what is the strain she is putting on her aerobic energy system (vo max)? 23. What is the value of lactate (or anaerobic) threshold for most people? Very unconditioned people? Highly aerobically trained people?

Explanation / Answer

(14) Oxygen serves as the terminal electron acceptor during oxidative phosphorylation in electron transport chain in mitochondria.

(15)Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the absence of oxygen, where the final product pyruvate is reduced to lactate oxidizing the NADH for replenishing to run glycolysis

(16) Pyruvate when reduced in the presence of NADH forms lactate.

Pyruvate undergoes oxidative metabolism in TCA cycle.

Lactate undergoes further metabolism in Cori cycle liver.

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