Please answer ALL questions. ALL QUESTIONS please and thank you. 7) The ratio of
ID: 255528 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer ALL questions. ALL QUESTIONS please and thank you.
7) The ratio of NAD* to NADHH* is critical to the function of a cell, and it is an important field of research. To determine the redox state of a cell (the ratio of NAD to NADHH), researchers have modified Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) to respond to redox A state by altering the intensity of their fluorescence.YP Explain the concept of redox and why NAD is so critical to redox in a cell. How could oxidation/reduction of a protein cause a change in Reduced the intensity of fluorescence? To the right is a graph that shows the relative fluorescence of modified GFP; explain how roGFP1 and roGFP2 respond to redox states (ro stands for reduction- oxidation sensitive). OGFP1 Em 535 roGFP2 Em 535 Em 523 0.8 Oxidized Reduced 0.4 Oxidized ?0.2 Oxidized Raduced 0.0 50 47 500 525 350 400 450 350 400 450 500 Excitation wavelength (nm)Explanation / Answer
Redox means reduction-oxidation reaction (chemical reactions) that play an important role in cell metabolism. These reactions are important part of all anabolic and catabolic reaction. Redox reaction means movement of electron from one to another atom. One molecule that received electron, it is reduced and another that give electron is oxidized.
NAD stand for Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a coenzyme present in all cells. It is important in redox because it exist in two forms: one is oxidized (NAD+) and other is reduced (NADH). In cell metabolism it play an important role as it is involved in redox reaction transferring electron from one reaction to another.
When the GFP is oxidized, means, it loses the electrons, then protein ability to emit fluorescence increases whereas reduction of the protein, reduces the power of emitting florescence light.
RoGFP1 when oxidized, releases more fluorescent light in oxidized than reduced form,, whereas RoGFP2 releases more fluorescent light in reduced form than oxidized form.
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