37. Which of the following classes of chemicals participate in co-stimulation? a

Question

37. Which of the following classes of chemicals participate in co-stimulation? a. antibodies b. histamine c. interleukines d. interferons e. complement 38. The thymus a. decreases in size in older adults. b. produces neutrophils that move to other tissues. c. responds to foreign substances in the blood. d. produces a hormone called lymphopathin. e. all of these 39. If a mother should introduce gamma globulin against measles to her fetus, then the fetus would have a type of produced by means. a. artificial; active immunity b. natural; passive immunity c. natural; active immunity d. artificial; passive immunity 40. Titanium, a hapten, is now being used frequently in human joint replacement. In terms of an immune response to titanium, you would expect a. an innate immune response. b. no immune response because titanium is not a large enough, complex molecule. c. an allergic response because titanium is a metal d. no immune response because titanium is not part of any microorganisms e. an adaptive immune response because titanium is foreign to the body. 41. John has blood type B+ and was given a transfusion of AB+ blood. Which of the following best describes the antigen-antibody reaction that results from Johns' transfusion? a. neutralization b. agglutinations c. precipitation d. complement e. inflammation

Explanation / Answer

Answer 37. c and d

Justification : Interferon and interleukin are examples of cytokines. These molecules participate in co-stimulation.

Answer 38. a

Justification : The thymus is active till the puberty and subsequently it's size decreases with age.

Answer 39. b

Justification: As the globulin are produced in mother, they should be claimed as natural, not artificial. Also, as the baby is not manufacturing it's own globulins and acquiring from mother, it will be passive immunity.

Answer 40. c

Justification: metal will produce allergic response not immune response.

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