http://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/87/12/4576.full.pdf Can someone write a scienti
ID: 254121 • Letter: H
Question
http://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/87/12/4576.full.pdf
Can someone write a scientifc essay on archaeans?
Once you're finished, just take a screenshot and post it.
Topic A: Background to essay topic As a result of observations made during the 1960s, it became evident that two groups of living organisms could be distinguished on the basis of cellular anatomy - prokaryotes and eukaryotes. More recently, it has been argued that prokaryotes consist of two groups - the eubacteria and archaeans - and that the archaeans are more closely related to eukaryotes than to eubacteria Essay Task Your essay task is to: (i) identify and explain the key characteristics that divide organisms into prokaryotes and eukaryotes, (i) identify and explain the key characteristics that divide prokaryote.s into eubacteria and archaeans, and (ii) explain the evidence for the claim that archaeans and eukaryotes are more closely related to one another than either is to the eubacteria. You have been given one journal article as background reading. You must find and use at least three more references for your essay, ideally 4-5. At least one of these additional references must be a journal article. You can use books, but you cannot use websites as sources for your essayExplanation / Answer
Living things are evolved from three closely related organisms: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryote. Archaea and Bacteria are very small in size and their cells are surrounded by a membrane, cell wall, with a circular strand of DNA and nucleus is not present they are unicellular organisms. These are called as prokaryotes. Eukaryote (plant and animals) are the third domain of evolution and the cells are more complex than prokaryotes, DNA is linear in shape, and it is nucleated (with nucleus). Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria which is called as power house of cell. With the help of these tiny organelles mitochondria, evolution in eukaryotes are studied. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ from each other by mainly mitochondria and chloroplasts, the cell wall, and the structure of chromosomal DNA.
Prokaryotes, include eubacteria and archaea, which are found ecosystem, some of them live in extreme environment. Prokaryotes are classified into a single domain (taxonomic group). Carl Woese,1970s microbiologist observed that prokaryotes are divided into two, lines of descent: Archaea and Bacteria and domain (Eukarya) which includes eukaryotes, such as plants, animals, and fungi.
Archaea has mainly major groups. Archaea are found in live bodies and in animals gut and they are found to be harmless and beneficial to us. Archaea are also present in human gut, many of them are extremophile species. E.g. they are found in volcanic hot springs, undersea hot vents, halo bacteria are found in salty places -Dead Sea. Eubacteria, prokaryotes, are the bacteria that cause disease in human beings and they are also known as pathogens. There are thousands of species of eubacteria, and arer subdivided according to their shapes: rod, spiral and spherical. Eubacteria are very much important to the global ecosystem because they can break down organic material into nitrogen which is very useful for fertilization of crops.
According to the evolutionary relationship it has been studied that the RNA and protein species of archaebacteria are more similar in sequence to eukaryotes than to eubacteria. Because they include 5S rRNA, elongation factors Tu and G, EF-Tu and EF-G, large subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and ribosomal proteins. Ancestors and the evolutionary relationship of these primary kingdoms are determined from the composite phylogenetic tree. On the basis of EF-Tu and EF-G and for F1-aand F1-P genes, it has been reported that the archaebacteria are phylogenetically more closely related to eukaryotes than to eubacteria.
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.