CELLULAR RESPIRATION Review Questions 1. What materials are needed for a cell to

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CELLULAR RESPIRATION Review Questions 1. What materials are needed for a cell to produce a molecule of adenosine triphosphate? 2. How do adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate differ in structure? in energy content? 3. What is a heterotroph? What is an autotroph? 4. Describe glucose: how many atoms of C are present? how many atoms of H? how many atoms of O? What is the energy content of glucose, in comparison to carbon dioxide? 5. Describe the process of oxidation in terms of: electrons, energy 6. Compare oxidation and reduction. 7. Describe the function of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) 8. The breakdown of glucose during respiration results in the formation of two 3 carbon molecules called: during this process some hydrogens are released from glucose and are picked up by the molecule called? 9. Which has more energy: one molecule of glucose, or two molecules of pyruvic acid? 10. What does glycolysis mean? 11. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? 12. How much oxygen is used during glycolysis? 13. What does aerobic mean? 14. What does anaerobic mean? 15. Products of glycolysis include: 16. The end products of alcoholic fermentation include: 17. How many molecules of ethyl alcohol are produced during fermentation of one molecule of glucose? 18. How many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced during the fermentation of one molecule of glucose? 19. How much oxygen is used during the fermentation of one glucose molecule? 20. Name an organism in which alcoholic fermentation takes place 21. Compare the oxidized form of NAD with the reduced form 22. Name an organism in which lactic acid fermentation occurs.

Explanation / Answer

1.For the formation of adenosine triphospahte, cell would require one nitrogen base (adenine), 5 membered Ribse sugar and three phopshate molecules.

2.Adenosine diphospahte contains one adenine, one ribose sugar and two phosphate molecules whereas adenosine triphosphate contains one adenine, one ribose sugar and three phosphate molecules.

3.Hetrotrophs are organisms which cannot synthesize thier own food so, they depend on other organisms for thier food like animals, bacteria, whereas autotrophs are organisms which has the capability to prepare thier own food like plants and photosyntheitic bacteria.

4. Glucose molecular formula is C6H12O6, so it contains six carbons, twelve hydrogens and six oxygen molecules. One glucose molecule yields 7.6 kcal of energy

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