5. Which of the following actions is the priority of care for a patient exhibiti

Question

5. Which of the following actions is the priority of care for a patient exhibiting signs and symptoms of coronary artery disease? Select one of the choices below a. Decrease anxiety b. Enhance myocardial oxygenation c. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin d. Educate the client about his symptoms 6. What is the first intervention for a patient experiencing MI? Select one of the choices below a. Administer morphine b. Administer oxygen c. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin d. Obtain an ECG 7. What is the primary reason for administering morphine to a patient with an MI? Select one of the choices below a. To sedate the patient b. To decrease the patient's pain c. To decrease the patient's anxiety d. To decrease heart rate and heart muscle oxygen demand 8. The pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction includes which of the following? Select one of the choices below a. Blood vessel endothelial dysfunction preceding atherosclerosis b. Coronary fatty streak and plaque formation C. Thrombus formation d. All the above

Explanation / Answer

5. Option B - Enhance Myocardial Oxygenation

Oxygen is very much essential for the functionality of myocardium. Without oxygen, they may undergo damage. Hence, it is very much essential to increase myocardial oxygenation. Although nitroglycerine is a treatment for coronary artery disease, we should not consider this as the first choice for the treatment of this disease. It reduces severe pain but cannot protect the myocardium from damage. During the severity of coronary artery disease, reducing anxiety and educating the patient is the third priority.

6. Option B - Administer oxygen

As explained in the previous answer oxygen is very much essential for the proper functioning of myocardium. Drugs such as morphine and nitroglycerine can reduce the pain. But, it cannot protect the myocardial cells from damage. ECG is a tool to test the occurrence of MI and hence it is not a treatment.

7. Option D - To decrease heart rate and heart muscle oxygen demand

Morphine reduces the muscle oxygen demand. It also reduces the pain. But the primary reason to administer morphine is to reduce the heart muscle oxygen demand.

8. Option C - Thrombus formation

Reduced supply of oxygen in coronary vessel leads to the formation of clot also called thrombus in heart. This causes acute myocardial infarction.

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