2. Why do some of the rings have clumps (flocs)? What is happening to cause thes

Question

2. Why do some of the rings have clumps (flocs)? What is happening to cause these clumping? 3. Why do you think some patients had a strongly positive result (4+) while others had a weakly positive resu 4. What is the purpose of cardiolipin in this rapid test? 5. What is the purpose of charcoal in this rapid test? To what is charcoal bound to? a patient is positive for syphilis, what will heir serum antibodies bind to in this RPR test? What are the antibodies supposed to bind to in their bodies? a patient is negative for syphilis, are there any antibodies against Treponema pallidum in their serum sample we tested? 8. If a patient is negative for syphilis, are there any antibodies at all in their serum we tested? 9. What is a reagin? 10. What is a heterophile antibody'? 11. From your textbook or internet define the following as they relate to immunological tests a. Agglutination reactions b. Precipitation reactions

Explanation / Answer

2. Some of the rings have multicellular clamps that protect them under adverse growth condition and environmental stress. Rings or flocs formation is centred on self-interaction of Flo proteins with the help of N-terminal PA14 lectin domain.

3.Postive result in patient means the presence of pathogenic micro-organism in the patient whereas negative result means absence of pathogenic micro-organism.

4. Cardiolipin is used as antigen in the Wassermann test for the disease called as syphilis.

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