You admit L.M a 2 moths old girl with a history of hydrocephalus and ventriculop

Question

You admit L.M a 2 moths old girl with a history of hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement 1 month earlier. Her parents report that she has been more irritable than usual and for the past 3 days has had emesis 5 to 6 times every day.

1. What is the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus?

2. How does a VP shunt help patients with hydrocephalus?

CASE STUDY PROGRESS:
L.M's vital signs (VS) are 111/70, 182, 55, 38.8C, Sao2 95% on room air. Her head apperas large, the frontals is slightly bulging, and pupila are equal and eactive. The occitpital frontal circumference (OFC) is 44cm and her mother tells ypou that is 2cm more than when she measured yesterday. Babyy L.M is awake, irritable and fussy throughout your assessment. She has emesis, although her father tells you that she has not eaten for 5 hours while they were in the emergency deparment (ED). Breath sounds are clear, pulses are 2+ and equal bilaterally, and capilary refill time is less than 2 sec.

3. Which of the vital signs and assessments are abnormal, and what are their possible causes?

4. In infants, why does the OFC increase whrn the presure increases in the cranial vault?

Explanation / Answer

Hydrocephalus is a CNS disease characterized by accumulation of excessive fluid in ventricles of brain,

cognitive and physical handicaps can occur as result of hydrocephalus

Pathophysiolgy is unclear

VP shunt is the primary treatment for hydrocephalus it will help to reduce pressure on brain caused by excessive caffeine fluids

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