Nutrition 235 Midterm Review What are the six classes of nutrients o Number of c

Question

Nutrition 235 Midterm Review What are the six classes of nutrients o Number of calories per one gram of the following nutrients carbs, How do you calculate number of calories and percentage of marcronutrients o Example how many calories are in a meal with 25 grams carbs, 10 protein, fats, and alcohol (carbs, protein, fat) grams protein, 5 grams fat? What percentage of this food is from fat? What is food fortification? What are some examples of fortified foods? . Classes of vitamins o o Water soluble vitamins Fats soluble vitamin What is the difference between essential and non-essential nutrients? How do you get each of the nutrients? What makes a food item nutrient dense vs. a calorie dense food What are the main food groups of the Myplate . o What is nutrition facts label? o What information is included in the nutrition facts label? o How is it used for meal planning? The six meal planning principles- what are they and what does each mean? Understand what DRI o o o o Allowable daily intake Estimated average intake Upper tolerable limit AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range) recommendations for carbs, proteins, fats What are added sugars What are types of ingredients that are considered added sugars in foods when looking at the ingredient list of a food label o The digestive system and nutrient breakdown . o What is the job of the following during food digestions . Stomach .Liver . Gallbladder . Mouth Small intestine Large intestine o What foods are digested in the various parts of the digestive system . In the mouth In the stomach In the small intestine In the large intestine * . o What is the job of bile

Explanation / Answer

Nutrients can be grouped into six categories: carbohydrate, protein, lipid (fat), water, vitamins, and minerals

Fat: 1 gram = 9 calories

Protein: 1 gram = 4 calories

Carbohydrates: 1 gram = 4 calories

Alcohol: 1 gram = 7 calories

- Carbohydrates provide 4 Calories of energy per gram.
- To convert 25 grams into calories
- calculate by multiplying with 4
- Therefore, 25 x 4 = 100 calories
- 25 grams of carbohydrate contains 100 calories

- Proteins provide 4 Calories of energy per gram.
- To convert 10 grams of protein into calories
- calculate by multiplying with 4
- Therefore, 10 x 4 = 40 calories
- 10 grams of protein contains 40 calories.

- fats provide 9 Calories of energy per gram.
- To convert 5 grams of fat into calories
- calculate by multiplying with 9
- Therefore, 5 x 9 = 45 calories
- 5 grams of fat contains 45 calories.

Fortified foods are foods to which extra nutrients have been added.
Examples are Grain products (like bread and pasta) with folic acid, Milk fortified with vitamin D. Vitamin D is crucial for strong bones, normal muscle function and aids in keeping the immune system healthy,Fortified orange juice with calcium.

Vitamins classified into two categories: water-soluble and fat-soluble.

They are classified based on how they dissolve in your body. Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, while fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in fat.

Water-Soluble Vitamins - Vitamin C and all of the B vitamins, such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, B-6, B-12, biotin, folate and pantothenic acid, are water-soluble vitamins.

Fat-soluble vitamins - which are A, D, K and E, absorb with the help of fat and are stored in fat deposits throughout your body, as well as in your liver.

An essential nutrient is a nutrient that the body cannot synthesize on its own or not to an adequate amount and must be provided by the diet. These nutrients are necessary for the body to function properly. The six essential nutrients include carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and water.

Non-essential nutrients are those nutrients that can be made by the body. They may also be absorbed from food. Examples of non-essential nutrients includes: Dietary fiber is not absorbed by the human digestive tract, but is important in digestion and maintenance of health.

Calorie-Dense Foods
Calorie-dense foods, also called energy-dense foods, contain high levels of calories per serving. Although some may be sources of nutrients, they need only to contain many calories in relation to volume to be considered calorie-dense. Some of these foods are contain "empty calories," in that they provide energy from calories without other significant nutritional value. Calorie-dense foods have their place in some diets, particularly those of people who must gain weight. However, most healthy people should avoid calorie-dense foods and beverages.

Nutrient-Dense Foods
Nutrient-dense foods contain high levels of nutrients, such as protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals, but with few calories. They are high-quality and generally are minimally processed. Nutrient-dense foods play an important role in most diets, offering a variety of important properties per serving.

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