1. All of the following factors can cause rapid evolutionary except ? (a)stabili
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Question
1. All of the following factors can cause rapid evolutionary except ?
(a)stabilizing selection on homeotic selector (homeobox) genes(b)horizontal gene transfer between unrelated organisms(c) single alleles with major effects on life history(d) hybridization between species, producing a form that differs from both parents ((e) transposable genetic elements, or transposons
2.Which is not a type of individual variation?
(a) phenotypic variation (b) environmental variation(c)genotype-by-environment variation (d) normalizing variation(e) genetic variation
Explanation / Answer
1. Homeolitic selector genes: The zygotic genes found in Drosophila which determines the segmentation of cells in an organism like antenna, limbs etc.
Horizontal gene transfer: the transfer of genetic material between multicellular and unicellular organisms rather than from offsprings to parents. It plays an important role in evolution of an oraganism.
Hybidization between species: A process in which two different species unite to form a completely different species which is important for the evollution of an organism.
Transposable elements are those in which a DNA sequence by changing its position and can result in creating or reversing mutation within a genome and can also change the size of the genome of the cell. It is important in evolutionary context.
Single alleles: The location of a single genome which control the traits in an organism. If a particular trait from a single parent is dominant it will hide the expression of recessive trait.So except single allele trait all other plays role in rapid evolution.
2. phenotypic variation is the overall traits like development, morphology and behaviour of an individual which is controlled by the genes of an organism as well as the various environmental factors.
Environmental variation is not inherited and is controlled by external factors like climate, diet etc.
Genotype- by- enviroenment variation is the interaction between genes and environmental influences. This is particularly helpful in knowing the risk of diseases in a particular organism
Genetic variation: genetic variation is the change in the structure of genes within individuals in a population
Normalizing variation: the calculation used to normalise the effects of population and individual on single genome.So normalising variation is not an individual variation
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