Select one of the products described in the eco-audit case study in Chapter 8 of

Question

Select one of the products described in the eco-audit case study in Chapter 8 of your textbook (e.g., cups, grocery bags, electric kettle). Using the data in the textbook from the eco-audit, additional data from Chapter 15 (as necessary), and any additional resources that you find helpful, prepare a pollution prevention audit for the product that you have selected. Base your P2 audit on the steps shown in the Unit III Lesson. You do not need to use all of the P2 audit steps shown in the Unit III Lesson, but use at least three major steps from each phase (a major step being Step 5 rather than Step 5.1). Since you will not be using all of the steps shown in the Unit Lesson, you may re-number them if you wish so that your audit proceeds sequentially without skipping numbers. Your audit should include an introductory paragraph explaining both the purpose of a P2 audit and the reasons for including the steps that you have selected. Your case study must be at least two full pages in length. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. All references and citations used must be in APA style. The introduction should be formatted in paragraph form, and the steps can be formatted as a list.

The book is Materials and the Environment 2nd Ed. by Michael F. Ashby. Need citations and references. If you can look at p.204 table 8.6, there is the information for a generic washing machine. DO NOT ANSWER IF YOU CANNOT PROVIDE AN ADEQUATE Response that covers what is requested.

Explanation / Answer

P2 audit: P2 audit or pollution prevention audit is mainly focussed on recommendations reducing the operating costs both in present as well as future. It also helps in improving quality of product, providing environmental benefits and motivates employees.

Need for P2 audit

True cost of waste: Sometimes the cost of waste can exceed upto 2-5 times the cost of labour since most of the companies overlook or undocument this cost of waste. The major cost documented by companies is the waste disposal cost.The uncertain cost is mostly the cost of raw material, cost of labour and other process costs which is generated in every waste material.

The major cost of is wasted process input material and this can be hidden in loss allowances, inventory shrinkage, scrap, production variances etc. The cost which is often overlooked is cost involved in cleanup of spills and include cleanup materials, labour's cost and disposal cost . However the cost of disposal is recorded but the time required by the personnel to comply with all the rules and regulations to complete the necessary report are often overlooked. So these all problems can be prevented by P2 audit which keeps the record of all the things.

P2 audit Case study of sugar factory:

Sugar industry is an important agro based industry and it generates waste of water at all stages of sugar production starting from mill house process like cooling pond and distilleries, water is discharged with high level of oil, sugar, suspended soild, organic matter, chemicals whcih generate a large amount of gaseous emission as soild waste that is causing pollution to the environment. So there is a huge challenge for the sugar industries in terms of causing air pollution due to gaseous emisssion , noise pollution, deterioration of environnment due to production of solid wastes. So conducting audit is an effective tool in prevent risks complying with envrironment legislations and also these companies can be prevented from the prosecution and fines due to breach of environmental laws.

Study area: First of all the study area is marked and the climatic conditions noted there as well as area covered by the factory.

Our study is located in Kumbhi kasari sugar factory in kolhapur city which is a hilly region and the climatic condition here is semiarid. The area covered by the factory is 100 acres.

Audit approach:

Pre audit : useful to get the background information about the area by asking the questionarriesin order to get familiar with the company and to prevent the requirement of onsite auditing.

Onsite audit: In this the report and analysis of water usage, waste water generated, raw material consumption, soild and hazardous waste generated. The air and the noise polltuion is also taken into account.

Post audit: The final draft in which energy consumption, waste generated and on the basis of that recommendations are given.

Results and discussion: the consumption of raw material as sugarcane is 127.50Kg/MT in year 2009-2010 and the water consumption is 4.02 lit/sugar produced. So the consumption of water is more in the process. rhe factory has well equipped treatment plant for handling effluent water is 150 Mcu/day.

Recommdations: Though the factory is taking of environmental pollution since it has planted around 2000 saplings in the area. Other things like good drainage facility, house of ETP near housing colonies and cleaniness should be taken care of. Some modifications in ETP for environmental mangement can be considered. To reduce water consumption, bargasse fuel should be used which saves power and environmental friendly.

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