31. Why is the surface temperature of Venus hotter than Mercury’s? A. The carbon

Question

31. Why is the surface temperature of Venus hotter than Mercury’s? A. The carbon dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere prevents the heat from escaping. B. Venus is larger than Mercury. C. Venus is closer to the Sun. D. Venus rotates slower than Mercury. E. Venus has active volcanoes that produce heat

32. Which of the following statements best describes the surface of Venus? A. The surface is heavily cratered. B. The surface is covered by extensive maria. C. The surface is covered by lava flows. D. The surface shows motion of tectonic plates.

33. What evidence supports the hypothesis that Venus may have active volcanoes? A. Photographs of volcanic eruptions taken by the Magellan spacecraft B. Some of the lava flows appear very fresh C. Electrical discharge activity around the volcanic peaks D. There are period increases in the sulfur content of its atmosphere E. All of the choices are correct

34. Which of the following is true of Venus? A. Venus’ orbital period is long compared to Earth's B. Venus orbits the Sun in the opposite direction than the rest of the terrestrial planets. C. Venus spins slowly compared to the Earth. D. All of the choices are correct. E. Both Venus’ orbital period is slow compared to Earth and Venus orbits the Sun in the opposite direction than the rest of the terrestrial planets are true

35. If I were to put quotation marks on each side of "Law" in Bode's law, which might be an explanation A. Bode was a charaltan, who only took up astronomy for the money B. There is no basis for this "law" it could be coincidence C. It is still just a theory, not a "law" D. None of the above is true

36. Compared to Earth, the seasons on Mars are more extreme. Which of the following explains the large seasonal variation on Mars? A. Mars is further away from the Sun. B. Mars has larger axial tilt than the Earth. C. Mars has a thinner atmosphere that the Earth. D. Mars’ atmosphere contains carbon dioxide, which prevents heat from escaping. E. Mars has large polar caps

37. What evidence supports the hypothesis that cycles of ice-ages have occurred on Mars? A. The polar caps shrink in the summer. B. The seasonal variations on Mars are extreme. C. The Mariner spacecraft recorded extreme temperature variations. D. The layered structure of the north polar cap of Mars. E. Mars has an axial tilt similar to the Earth’s

38. Which of the following is a probable explanation for the formation of the Valles Marineris? A. It is a canyon carved by ancient water flow on the surface of Mars. B. It is a scarp that formed when the Martian crust cooled and shrunk. C. It resulted from plate tectonic movement on Mars. D. It resulted from the stretching of the mantle by the rising of the Tharsis bulge. E. Both it resulted from plate tectonic movement on Mars and it resulted from the stretching of the mantle by the rising of the Tharsis bulge are probable explanations.

39. Which of the following gases can be found in Jupiter’s atmosphere? A. Hydrogen B. Helium C. Methane D. Ammonia E. All of the choices are correct

40. How do we know the internal structure of Jupiter? A. From the study of seismic waves in Jupiter B. From the chemical composition of the planet C. From the average density and the gravitational pull on spacecraft D. By measuring the volume and the density

41. Which of the following causes the high magnetic field of Jupiter? e A. Strong Aurora B. Rapid rotation of the planet C. Metalic hydrogen in the core of Jupiter, which is highly magnetic D. It results from the combined effect of the planets rapid rotation and convection in the layer of metallic hydrogen in the planet’s interior

42. Which of the following statements best describes the accepted composition of Jupiter? A. Jupiter’s core contains more silicates and iron than the entire Earth. B. Jupiter is devoid of silicates and rocky materiA.. C, Jupiter’s composition is very close to the Sun’s composition. D. None of the choices are correct. E. Both Jupiter’s core contains more silicates and iron than the entire Earth and Jupiter’s composition is very close to the Sun’s composition are correct

43. Which of the following statements regarding the rings of Jupiter and Saturn is correct? A. The rings of Jupiter are made of small particles of rock and dust. B. The rings of Saturn do not have the same composition everywhere. C, Saturn has a large number of rings. D. Both ring systems are very thin. E. All of the choices are correct

44. What causes the Cassini division in Saturn’s ring system? A. Electrical charges that push the rings apart, creating a gap B. The tidal force from Saturn C. The repeated pull from Mimas, who orbits Saturn with period twice that of particles would orbit in the Cassini division D. It is a region were dust particles did not accrete

45. Astronomers believe that when moons or comets wander within the Roche limit of a planet, they breakup by the tidal force of the planets. Is it safe for a spacecraft to cross the Roche limit of Mars? A. No, because it will break apart. B. Yes, because the Roche limit is a force that exists only in the outer planets. C. Yes, because Mars does not have a Roche limit. D. Yes, because the tidal force is too weak to overcome the chemical bonds

46. What evidence supports the hypothesis that the larger satellites of Saturn did not experience significant heating by Saturn? A. Because the satellites of Saturn formed much later, when the planet cooled off B. Because their density increases with increasing distance from the planet C. Because they have about the same density D. Because Saturn is very cold

47. What causes the blue appearance of the planet Uranus? A. Uranus’ atmosphere contains methane that strongly absorbs red colors from the sunlight. B. The planet is covered by an ocean of water. C, The planet is very hot. D. The composition of Uranus’ atmosphere is the same as the Earth’s atmosphere that makes the sky blue

48 . Uranus completes an orbit around the Sun every 84 years and spins once every 17 hours, approximately. Which of the following could be observed from the planet Uranus? A. Season cycle of 84 years near the poles B. One sunrise every 17 hours on the equator C, Days lasting several years near the pole tipped towards the Sun D. Nights lasting several years near the pole tipped away from the Sun E. All of the choices are correct

49. Compared to Uranus, Neptune has a smaller diameter and more mass. What can we conclude from this comparison? A. Neptune has higher average density than Uranus. B. Uranus has higher average density than Neptune. C, Uranus spins faster and therefore has larger diameter. D. The statement of the question is incorrect. Uranus is larger and has more mass than Neptune

50. The clouds of Uranus lack the bands that are characteristic of the other Jovian planets. What is the most probable cause for Uranus’ featureless appearance? A. Uranus is less massive than the other planets. B. Uranus is colder than the other planets. C, Uranus rotates slower than the other planets. D. The surface of Uranus is heated very unevenly due to the extreme axial tilt

51. The discovery of Charon was significant because it allowed astronomers to determine: A. The distance of Pluto. B. The age of Pluto. C, The mass of Pluto. D. The radius of Pluto E. Both the mass of Pluto and the radius of Pluto are dcorrect.

52. What is the approximate mass of the Milky Way? A. About 30 kiloparsecs B. 10 million solar masses C. About 100 billion solar masses D. One trillion kilograms of mass

53. What is a dark interstellar cloud? A. A cloud heavy with liquid droplets B. A cloud made of “dark matter” C. A thick dense cloud of gas and dust D. A region in the sky seemingly empty of stars E. Only a region in the sky seemingly empty of stars and a thick dense cloud of gas and dust are correct.

54. Which of the following statements correctly describes the star abundances in the Milky Way galaxy? A. The majority of the stars observed are main sequence stars. B. The majority of the stars are young stars. C. The majority of the stars are cool, low mass stars. D. All of the choices are correct. E. Only the majority of the stars observed are main sequence stars and the majority of the stars are cool, low mass stars.

55. Which object extends farther from the nucleus of the Milky Way galaxy? A. The disk B. The spiral arms C. The halo D. The bulge E. A population I object

56. Which of the following statements is true about the rotation of the Milky Way Galaxy? A. It rotates like a solid object (i.e., the farther the object from the center, the higher the speed. B. It rotates according to Kepler’s laws (i.e., the farther the object from the center, the lower the speed). C. The speed tends to level off as the distance from the center gets larger. D. The speed is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

57. Where is it more likely to find a population II star? A. In the center of the Milky Way B. In the spiral arms of the Milky Way C. In the Halo of the Milky Way D. At the center of HII regions E. Both Iin the spiral arms of the Milky Way and in the Halo of the Milky Way are likely.

58. What force holds the stars in orbit in spiral galaxies? A. The density wave B. Gravity C. Dark matter D. Black holes at the center of the galaxy E. All of the choices are correct.

59. What is an S0 type galaxy? A. A large spiral B. A large elliptical C. An irregular D. A disk-shaped galaxy with no evidence of spiral arms E. None of the choices are correct.

60. Which of the following could explain the origin of the S0 type galaxies? A. When they were young, S0 galaxies used all their disk material and formed stars all in one burst B. S0 galaxies are spirals that lost their dust and gas in a collision with hot intergalactic gas C. S0 galaxies are spirals that lost their spiral arms because of their rapid rotation D. All of the choices are viable explanations. E. Only when they were young, S0 galaxies used all their disk material and formed stars all in one burst and S0 galaxies are spirals that lost their dust and gas in a collision with hot intergalactic gas are viable explanations.

61. Where do you expect to find an O type star? A. In the halo of a spiral galaxy B. Near the center of a small elliptical galaxy C. On the disk of a large elliptical galaxy D. On the spiral arms of a spiral galaxy E. Equally likely in a spiral or elliptical galaxy

62. Which type of galaxy typically contains the least relative amount of gas and dust? A. The spiral B. The elliptical C. The irregular D. They all contain the same proportion.

63. Which type of galaxy often contains the largest relative amount of gas and dust? A. The spiral B. The elliptical C. The irregular D. They all contain about the same fraction.

64. Which of the following would explain the fact that elliptical galaxies contain mostly old stars? A. Most of their gas is at low temperature. B. Elliptical galaxies lack cool interstellar matter to form stars. C. All the young stars are in dark molecular clouds, therefore invisible. D. Most of the star-forming material in elliptical galaxies exists in the form of dark matter.

65. Which type of galaxy can have the largest mass? A. A spiral galaxy B. An elliptical galaxy C. An irregular galaxy D. An S0 galaxy

66. The majority of galaxies in our immediate vicinity (i.e., in the local group) are: A. Large spiral galaxies. B. Large elliptical galaxies. C. Small spiral galaxies. D. Irregular and small elliptical galaxies. E. All kinds are equally likely. Theres a fair amount of points in this section - don't blow them off- you can do it, or at least try, what are you afraid of? Explain what you would do, even if you don't think you can do it.

67.- 69. What evidence exists for the presence of a supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy?

70. - 72. Give a possible explanation for the fact that galaxies with active nuclei are only located billions of light-years from us.

73. - 77. When the Juno probe in it's ultimate orbit (for about two years - till it's made to crash and burn) it revolves around Jupiter every 14 days (two weeks) - knowing that. a. What is the distance of the probe from Jupiter's surface? b. How fast will it be moving? 78. - 80. How long does it take sunlight to reach Jupiter at its furthest distance from Earth? Explain all steps in your reasoning. 81. - 82. A star has five times the mass of our Sun and has five times its diameter - what is the density of that star? Show calculations.

Explanation / Answer

31 A

Venus has very thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide which prevents the escape of solar radiation which results in high temperatures

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse 3
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.