Biochem #5. a) Outline (you may sketch if that helps) and describe the biochemic

Question

Biochem #5.

a) Outline (you may sketch if that helps) and describe the biochemical events (be sure to include all complexes, electron carries, etc…) associated with the electron-transport chain. b) Describe the Mitchell Chemiosmotic Theory. c) Besides providing FADH2 for the ETC, this complex also plays a role in another process on the side, serving as a mediator between the ETC and this process. What is this process and where does it get the FADH2 from? d) The electrons for the Electron Transport Chain are delivered to the mitochondria by what two electron carriers and what complexes are these electrons delivered to? e) What properties of the complexes causes the electron to be passed on to the next complex? f) The electrons being passed from each complex produces energy. What is this energy used for and why is it important? g) What is the final electron acceptor of the ETC? Please give the formula for this reaction.

Explanation / Answer

A. Biochemical event in electron transport chain- ETC is a complex series of electron transport from electron donor to final electron acceptor. And due to this generate proton gradient to produce ATP.

B. Mitchell chemiosmotic theory – this theory explain how the ATP production in ETC through oxidative phosphorylation in inner mitochondrial membrane, and it all begin with electron donor NADH or FADH2. And chemiosmostic means chemical process to generate ATP and osmosis to generate electrochemical gradient or proton motive force.

Chemiosmosis- ion or proton moving across the semipermiable membrane and move down to generate PMF so produce ATP by ATP sythetase enzyme.

C. FADH2 is get from succinate of TCA cycle in respiration, and it directly give electron to Q cycle to pump proton in inner mitochondrial membrane to generated electrochemical gradient. For oxidative phosphorylation.

D. Complex III [cytochrom bc1 complex]

QH2 + 2 cytochrome c (fe III) + 2 H+ inside IMM ---> Q + 2 cyto-c (fe II) + 4 H+ out

Two electron carrier cytochrome-c or and electron delivered to complex IV and than final electron acceptor H2O.

E. All the complex of ETC are embedded in membrane and arrange in sequence and electron jump from one complex to other by electron tunneling a qualntum mechanical property. And Cytochrome-c have unique property – cyto-c is water soluble electrons carriers which located within IMS(inner mitochondrial space) and it loosely associate with inner mitochondrion membrane, and it transfer electron between the complex 3 and complex 4.

F. Electron are passé from each complex and produce energy in terms of electro-chemical gradient by moving electron, and complex I and complex III , complex IV are pump proton inside IMM space to generate proton motive force. And it use in ATP production. And overall 12 proton pump and 2.5 + 1.5 ATP produce,

G. Final electron acceptor of ETC is oxygen and formula of final step in ETC Complex IV – (cytochrome-c oxidase) 4e- (four electron) are removing from four (4) cytochrome-c molecule, and transfer it to oxygen molecule(O2) and produce 2H2O(two water molecule).

Complex III(cyto-c) 2e- ---> complex IV (2e-)---> ½ O2 + H2 ---> 2H20

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