How do the two basic types of terminators found in bacterial cells differ? Rho-i
ID: 224257 • Letter: H
Question
How do the two basic types of terminators found in bacterial cells differ? Rho-independent terminators do not require additional transcription factors for termination, but rho-dependent terminators do. Rho-independent terminators do not require a protein to aid in termination, while rho-dependent terminators do. Rho-independent terminators do not require inverted repeats in the terminator sequence, while rho-dependent terminators do. Rho-independent terminators do not require protein for termination, while rho-dependent terminators do. Rho-independent terminators do not require a terminator sequence, while rho-dependent terminators do not. How are transcription and replication similar? Both process require the action of a primate enzyme and DNA. Both processes use a catalytic polymerase enzyme to make two strands of nucleic acid simultaneously. Both processes require RNA primers. Both processes require the separation of the DNA double helix and the synthesis of a new strand of nucleic acid from a DNA template. Both processes require a template that can be read in a 5' to 3' direction. How is transcription different in bacteria and eukaryotes? Eukaryotes require promoters, while bacteria do not require promoters. Eukaryotes have one RNA polyumerase4 that transcribes all RNA, while bacterial have many RNA polymerases. Eukaryotes require rho protein for termination, while bacteria do not require rho for termination. Eukaryotes transcription occurs in a 5' to 3' direction, while bacteria transcription occurs in a 3' to5' direction. Eukaryotes use general transcription factors for initiation, while bacteria use sigma factor for initiation.Explanation / Answer
Answer:
22). Rho-independent terminators do not require inverted repeats in the terminator sequence, while rho-dependent terminators do
The two basic types of terminators in bacterial cells are rho-independent and rhodependent terminators. Rho-independent terminators consist of inverted repeats that can form a hairpin structure. Immediately following the inverted repeats is a string of six adenine nucleotides. Rho-dependent terminators require the interaction of the protein rho with RNA polymerase.
Two features are typical forrho-dependent termination: (1) variable DNA sequences that cause RNA polymeraseto pause during transcription and (2) upstream from variable region lies DNAsequence that encodes RNA devoid of secondary structure, which also serves as the rhobinding site.
23). Both processes use a dimeric catalytic polymerase enzyme to make two new strands of nucleic acid simulatneously
During DNA replication, a DNA polymerase, or the molecule response for making a DNA polymer, uses one of the DNA strands to make a complementary strand using the base-pairing rules. Similarly, transcription also relays on the base-pairing rules to make a corresponding RNA with a complementary sequence.
24). Eukaryotes use general transcription factors for initiation, while bacteria use sigma factor for initiation
The prokaryotic initiation does not need any proteins or initiator factor excepte sigma factors. Eukaryotic initiation of transcription needs proteins called transcription factors, TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF and TFIIH
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