ANIMAL BIOLOGY: INTEGUMENTARY, SKELETAL, AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS Lab Prep Exercise

Question

ANIMAL BIOLOGY: INTEGUMENTARY, SKELETAL, AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS Lab Prep Exercise B ? For each of the functions of skin described below, list all of the structural components from Figure B (from your lab manual) that are involved with performing that function and briefly explain the role that each structural component plays in performing that function. Protection from physical damage and from invasion by foreign organisms like bacteria and parasites (Hint: At least 2 structural components are involved.) 1) 2) Regulation of body temperature (Hint: At least 4 structural components are involved, and three of these are located in the deeper layers of the skin.) Excretion of salts, water and, oily compounds (Hint: At least 2 structural components are involved.) 3) Synthesis of Vitamin D, which is important for calcium metabolism in humans. (Note: You do not need to list any structural components for this function. Just remember that the skin is involved with the synthesis of vitamin D.) 4) Sensation of environmental stimuli, such as touch, pain, hot and cold. (Hint: At least 2 structural components are involved.) 5)

Explanation / Answer

1) Keratinocytes cells: Makes protein keratin which forms a protective layer of skin.

Langerhans cells: Prevent foreign bacteria to enter the skin.

2) Hair: Hair stands upright to keep the skin warm when the weather is cold.

Fat tissues: Fat helps insulate against heat loss from the body.

Sweat glands: Sweat evaporates from sweat glands in order to increase heat loss from the body when warm.

Blood vessels: By vasodilation, skin allows more blood to flow to the surface of the skin, increasing heat loss from the body.

3) Sweat glands: Excrete salts and water.

Sebaceous glands: Excrete oily lipids that cover epidermis. It provides lubrication and antibacterial actions.

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